Discussion :

[emmesse]

bonjour,

voici le fichier d'entête:

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#ifndef tables_hpp
#define tables_hpp
 
#include <string>
 
std::string tableAdd[10][10]={
	{"0","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9"},
	{"1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9","10"},
	{"2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9","10","11"},
	{"3","4","5","6","7","8","9","10","11","12"},
	{"4","5","6","7","8","9","10","11","12","13"},
	{"5","6","7","8","9","10","11","12","13","14"},
	{"6","7","8","9","10","11","12","13","14","15"},
	{"7","8","9","10","11","12","13","14","15","16"},
	{"8","9","10","11","12","13","14","15","16","17"},
	{"9","10","11","12","13","14","15","16","17","18"}
};
 
std::string tableAddRet[10][10]={
	{"1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9","10"},
	{"2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9","10","11"},
	{"3","4","5","6","7","8","9","10","11","12"},
	{"4","5","6","7","8","9","10","11","12","13"},
	{"5","6","7","8","9","10","11","12","13","14"},
	{"6","7","8","9","10","11","12","13","14","15"},
	{"7","8","9","10","11","12","13","14","15","16"},
	{"8","9","10","11","12","13","14","15","16","17"},
	{"9","10","11","12","13","14","15","16","17","18"},
	{"10","11","12","13","14","15","16","17","18","19"}
};
 
 
std::string tableMult[10][10]={
	{"0","0","0","0","0","0","0","0","0","0"},
	{"0","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9"},
	{"0","2","4","6","8","10","12","14","16","18"},
	{"0","3","6","9","12","15","18","21","24","27"},
	{"0","4","8","12","16","20","24","28","32","36"},
	{"0","5","10","15","20","25","30","35","40","45"},
	{"0","6","12","18","24","30","36","42","48","54"},
	{"0","7","14","21","28","35","42","49","56","63"},
	{"0","8","16","24","32","40","48","56","64","72"},
	{"0","9","18","27","36","45","54","63","72","81"}
};
 
std::string tableSous[20][20]={
	{"0"},
	{"1","0"},
	{"2","1","0"},
	{"3","2","1","0"},
	{"4","3","2","1","0"},
	{"5","4","3","2","1","0"},
	{"6","5","4","3","2","1","0"},
	{"7","6","5","4","3","2","1","0"},
	{"8","7","6","5","4","3","2","1","0"},
	{"9","8","7","6","5","4","3","2","1","0"},
	{"10","9","8","7","6","5","4","3","2","1","0"},
	{"11","10","9","8","7","6","5","4","3","2","1","0"},
	{"12","11","10","9","8","7","6","5","4","3","2","1","0"},
	{"13","12","11","10","9","8","7","6","5","4","3","2","1","0"},
	{"14","13","12","11","10","9","8","7","6","5","4","3","2","1","0"},
	{"15","14","13","12","11","10","9","8","7","6","5","4","3","2","1","0"},
	{"16","15","14","13","12","11","10","9","8","7","6","5","4","3","2","1","0"},
	{"17","16","15","14","13","12","11","10","9","8","7","6","5","4","3","2","1","0"},
	{"18","17","16","15","14","13","12","11","10","9","8","7","6","5","4","3","2","1","0"},
	{"19","18","17","16","15","14","13","12","11","10","9","8","7","6","5","4","3","2","1","0"}
};
 
 
 
#endif

j'ai bien mis les directives

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#ifndef tables_hpp
#define tables_hpp
#endif

g++ me répond:

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/tmp/cc6qvIEd.o:(.bss+0x0): définitions multiples de « tableAdd »
/tmp/ccvYQNRP.o:(.bss+0x0): défini pour la première fois ici
/tmp/cc6qvIEd.o:(.bss+0x1c0): définitions multiples de « tableAddRet »
/tmp/ccvYQNRP.o:(.bss+0x1c0): défini pour la première fois ici
/tmp/cc6qvIEd.o:(.bss+0x380): définitions multiples de « tableMult »
/tmp/ccvYQNRP.o:(.bss+0x380): défini pour la première fois ici
/tmp/cc6qvIEd.o:(.bss+0x540): définitions multiples de « tableSous »
/tmp/ccvYQNRP.o:(.bss+0x540): défini pour la première fois ici
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

quelqu'un a une idée?

[Médinoc]

Tu dois séparer la déclaration de la définition; cette dernière doit être dans un .cpp, alors que la déclaration reste dans le .h

[emmesse]

j'ai oublié de préciser que le nom du fichier est "tables.hpp"

il n'y a pas de fonctions (ni déclarations, ni définitions). Il n'y a que des tableaux initialisés.

je ne comprend vraiment pas.pourquoi ça fait ça.

[Ehonn]

En fait il s'agit des déclarations et définitions des variables :

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// Déclaration
/*extern*/ T t;
// Définition
t = T();
// Déclaration + Définition
T t = T();

Pour la déclaration, il me semble que tu peux utiliser extern ou faire une variable static de classe.

Une autre solution, pour tout laisser dans le fichier d'entête, est de faire retourner ta variable par une fonction inline.
(En C++17, tu pourrais directement utiliser inline sur les variables.)

[ternel]

Ca va plus loin, sans le mot clé extern, même sans initialiseur, une variable est définie (éventuellement à une valeur arbitraire).

Il y a une alternative, l'inclure dans un namespace anonyme. Tu auras juste plusieurs copies, une dans chaque fichier incluant l'en-tête.

En tout cas, une variable globale est toujours une cause de problèmes.

[emmesse]

j'ai compris ce qu'il s'est passé: on ne peut pas mettre des variables (ici des tableaux) dans un fichier d'entête et de #include "fichier.hpp (avec des variables)" dans plus d'un autre fichier.