Voici le code minimaliste de detection/retrait d'un peripherique USB
le .cpp
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//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include <vcl.h>
#pragma hdrstop
#include "Unit1.h"
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#pragma package(smart_init)
#pragma resource "*.dfm"
#define DBT_DEVICEARRIVAL               0x8000  // le systeme a detecte un nouveau device
#define DBT_DEVICEREMOVECOMPLETE        0x8004  // device est completement desactive
TForm1 *Form1;
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
__fastcall TForm1::TForm1(TComponent* Owner)
        : TForm(Owner)
{
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void   __fastcall   TForm1::GetDeviceChange(TMessage   &Msg)
{
        switch   (Msg.WParam)
        {
                case   DBT_DEVICEARRIVAL:
                ShowMessage("Peripherique USB connecte");
                break;
                case   DBT_DEVICEREMOVECOMPLETE:
                ShowMessage("Peripherique USB deconnecte");
                break;
        }
}
le .h
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//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#ifndef Unit1H
#define Unit1H
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include <Classes.hpp>
#include <Controls.hpp>
#include <StdCtrls.hpp>
#include <Forms.hpp>
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
class TForm1 : public TForm
{
__published: // IDE-managed Components
private: // User declarations
public:  // User declarations
        __fastcall TForm1(TComponent* Owner);
        void   __fastcall   TForm1::GetDeviceChange(TMessage &Msg);
          BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP
                MESSAGE_HANDLER(WM_DEVICECHANGE,TMessage,GetDeviceChange)
          END_MESSAGE_MAP(TForm)
};
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
extern PACKAGE TForm1 *Form1;
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#endif