Bonjour,
je ne comprends pas pourquoi ma page n'est pas validé par le W3C :
voici mes codes et les messages d'erreur de la page de validation,
merci de votre aide.
PS : je suis débutant...

index.php :
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<?php include('bandeau.php'); ?> <!-- insère le bandeau principal en haut -->
<?php include('lateral_gauche.php'); ?> <!-- insère le côté gauche -->
<?php include('bas_de_page.php'); ?> <!-- insère le bas de page  -->
Bandeau.php :
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
    "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="fr" lang="fr">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8" />	
<title>MON SITE</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css" />
</head>
<body>
<div id="haut">
		<div id="en_tete">
			<img src="image.jpeg" alt="image du site"title="Perdu?" />
			<h2> Le site des sorties</h2>
		</div>
		<ul id="tabnav">
			<li><a href="index.php">Accueil</a></li>
			<li><a href="agenda.php">Recherche_Agenda</a></li>
			<li><a href="annoncer.php">Annoncer un &eacute;v&egrave;nenement</a></li>
			<li><a href="morceaux.php">Morceaux de la semaine</a></li>			
			<li><a href="liens.php">Liens</a></li>
			<li><a href="contact.php">Nous contacter</a></li>
			<li><a href="newsletter.php">Newsletter</a></li>
		</ul>
</div>
</body>
</html>
bas_de_page.php :
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
    "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="fr" lang="fr">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8" />	
<title>MON SITE</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css" />
</head>
<body>
<div id="mainContent">
<br />
<br />
<a href="#haut">Haut de page</a>
<br />
<br />
</div>
<div id="footer">
<p>Copyleft 2011</p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
lateral_gauche.php :
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
    "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="fr" lang="fr">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8" />	
<title>MON SITE</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css" />
</head>
<body>
<div id="maincontent">
</div>
<?php require("recherche_pour_news.php"); ?>
</div>
</body>
</html>
recherche_pour_news.php :
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
    "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="fr" lang="fr">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8" />	
<title>MON SITE</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css" />
</head>
<body>
 
 
 
</body>
 
</html>
Validation par W3C :
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Validation Output: 34 Errors
 
    Error Line 34, Column 3: "DOCTYPE" declaration not allowed in instance
 
    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
 
    ?
    Error Line 36, Column 67: document type does not allow element "html" here
 
    <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="fr" lang="fr">
 
    ?
 
    The element named above was found in a context where it is not allowed. This could mean that you have incorrectly nested elements -- such as a "style" element in the "body" section instead of inside "head" -- or two elements that overlap (which is not allowed).
 
    One common cause for this error is the use of XHTML syntax in HTML documents. Due to HTML's rules of implicitly closed elements, this error can create cascading effects. For instance, using XHTML's "self-closing" tags for "meta" and "link" in the "head" section of a HTML document may cause the parser to infer the end of the "head" section and the beginning of the "body" section (where "link" and "meta" are not allowed; hence the reported error).
    Error Line 48, Column 3: "DOCTYPE" declaration not allowed in instance
 
    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
 
    ?
    Error Line 50, Column 67: document type does not allow element "html" here
 
    <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="fr" lang="fr">
 
    ?
 
    The element named above was found in a context where it is not allowed. This could mean that you have incorrectly nested elements -- such as a "style" element in the "body" section instead of inside "head" -- or two elements that overlap (which is not allowed).
 
    One common cause for this error is the use of XHTML syntax in HTML documents. Due to HTML's rules of implicitly closed elements, this error can create cascading effects. For instance, using XHTML's "self-closing" tags for "meta" and "link" in the "head" section of a HTML document may cause the parser to infer the end of the "head" section and the beginning of the "body" section (where "link" and "meta" are not allowed; hence the reported error).
    Error Line 58, Column 44: document type does not allow element "b" here; missing one of "p", "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", "h6", "div", "pre", "address", "fieldset", "ins", "del" start-tag
 
    …strong>A la une</strong></h3><p></p><b>Retrouvez tous les nouveaux évènements …
 
    ?
 
    The mentioned element is not allowed to appear in the context in which you've placed it; the other mentioned elements are the only ones that are both allowed there and can contain the element mentioned. This might mean that you need a containing element, or possibly that you've forgotten to close a previous element.
 
    One possible cause for this message is that you have attempted to put a block-level element (such as "<p>" or "<table>") inside an inline element (such as "<a>", "<span>", or "<font>").
    Error Line 58, Column 101: document type does not allow element "br" here; missing one of "p", "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", "h6", "div", "pre", "address", "fieldset", "ins", "del" start-tag
 
    … nouveaux évènements de ce jour</b><br></br>Ajourd'hui&nbsp;<b>Mardi 21 Juin&n…
 
    ?
 
    The mentioned element is not allowed to appear in the context in which you've placed it; the other mentioned elements are the only ones that are both allowed there and can contain the element mentioned. This might mean that you need a containing element, or possibly that you've forgotten to close a previous element.
 
    One possible cause for this message is that you have attempted to put a block-level element (such as "<p>" or "<table>") inside an inline element (such as "<a>", "<span>", or "<font>").
    Error Line 58, Column 107: character data is not allowed here
 
    …aux évènements de ce jour</b><br></br>Ajourd'hui&nbsp;<b>Mardi 21 Juin&nbsp;&n…
 
    ?
 
    You have used character data somewhere it is not permitted to appear. Mistakes that can cause this error include:
        putting text directly in the body of the document without wrapping it in a container element (such as a <p>aragraph</p>), or
        forgetting to quote an attribute value (where characters such as "%" and "/" are common, but cannot appear without surrounding quotes), or
        using XHTML-style self-closing tags (such as <meta ... />) in HTML 4.01 or earlier. To fix, remove the extra slash ('/') character. For more information about the reasons for this, see Empty elements in SGML, HTML, XML, and XHTML.
    Error Line 58, Column 125: document type does not allow element "b" here; missing one of "p", "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", "h6", "div", "pre", "address", "fieldset", "ins", "del" start-tag
 
    …ce jour</b><br></br>Ajourd'hui&nbsp;<b>Mardi 21 Juin&nbsp;&nbsp;</b><br></br><…
 
    ?
 
    The mentioned element is not allowed to appear in the context in which you've placed it; the other mentioned elements are the only ones that are both allowed there and can contain the element mentioned. This might mean that you need a containing element, or possibly that you've forgotten to close a previous element.
 
    One possible cause for this message is that you have attempted to put a block-level element (such as "<p>" or "<table>") inside an inline element (such as "<a>", "<span>", or "<font>").
    Error Line 58, Column 158: document type does not allow element "br" here; missing one of "p", "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", "h6", "div", "pre", "address", "fieldset", "ins", "del" start-tag
 
    …sp;<b>Mardi 21 Juin&nbsp;&nbsp;</b><br></br><p><b>Aucun &eacute;v&egrave;nemen…
 
    ?
 
    The mentioned element is not allowed to appear in the context in which you've placed it; the other mentioned elements are the only ones that are both allowed there and can contain the element mentioned. This might mean that you need a containing element, or possibly that you've forgotten to close a previous element.
 
    One possible cause for this message is that you have attempted to put a block-level element (such as "<p>" or "<table>") inside an inline element (such as "<a>", "<span>", or "<font>").
    Error Line 58, Column 213: document type does not allow element "br" here; missing one of "p", "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", "h6", "div", "pre", "address", "fieldset", "ins", "del" start-tag
 
    … &eacute;v&egrave;nement ! </b></p><br></br><a href="#haut">Haut de page</a><b…
 
    ?
 
    The mentioned element is not allowed to appear in the context in which you've placed it; the other mentioned elements are the only ones that are both allowed there and can contain the element mentioned. This might mean that you need a containing element, or possibly that you've forgotten to close a previous element.
 
    One possible cause for this message is that you have attempted to put a block-level element (such as "<p>" or "<table>") inside an inline element (such as "<a>", "<span>", or "<font>").
    Error Line 58, Column 234: document type does not allow element "a" here; missing one of "p", "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", "h6", "div", "pre", "address", "fieldset", "ins", "del" start-tag
 
    …ent ! </b></p><br></br><a href="#haut">Haut de page</a><br></br><h3><strong>Ce…
 
    ?
 
    The mentioned element is not allowed to appear in the context in which you've placed it; the other mentioned elements are the only ones that are both allowed there and can contain the element mentioned. This might mean that you need a containing element, or possibly that you've forgotten to close a previous element.
 
    One possible cause for this message is that you have attempted to put a block-level element (such as "<p>" or "<table>") inside an inline element (such as "<a>", "<span>", or "<font>").
    Error Line 58, Column 254: document type does not allow element "br" here; missing one of "p", "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", "h6", "div", "pre", "address", "fieldset", "ins", "del" start-tag
 
    …br><a href="#haut">Haut de page</a><br></br><h3><strong>Cette semaine</strong>…
 
    ?
 
    The mentioned element is not allowed to appear in the context in which you've placed it; the other mentioned elements are the only ones that are both allowed there and can contain the element mentioned. This might mean that you need a containing element, or possibly that you've forgotten to close a previous element.
 
    One possible cause for this message is that you have attempted to put a block-level element (such as "<p>" or "<table>") inside an inline element (such as "<a>", "<span>", or "<font>").
    Error Line 58, Column 308: document type does not allow element "b" here; missing one of "p", "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", "h6", "div", "pre", "address", "fieldset", "ins", "del" start-tag
 
    …g>Cette semaine</strong></h3><p></p><b>Retrouvez tous les nouveaux évènements …
 
    ?
 
    The mentioned element is not allowed to appear in the context in which you've placed it; the other mentioned elements are the only ones that are both allowed there and can contain the element mentioned. This might mean that you need a containing element, or possibly that you've forgotten to close a previous element.
 
    One possible cause for this message is that you have attempted to put a block-level element (such as "<p>" or "<table>") inside an inline element (such as "<a>", "<span>", or "<font>").
    Error Line 58, Column 371: document type does not allow element "br" here; missing one of "p", "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", "h6", "div", "pre", "address", "fieldset", "ins", "del" start-tag
 
    …aux évènements de cette semaine</b><br></br>Du <b>Mardi 21 Juin&nbsp;&nbsp;</b…
 
    ?
 
    The mentioned element is not allowed to appear in the context in which you've placed it; the other mentioned elements are the only ones that are both allowed there and can contain the element mentioned. This might mean that you need a containing element, or possibly that you've forgotten to close a previous element.
 
    One possible cause for this message is that you have attempted to put a block-level element (such as "<p>" or "<table>") inside an inline element (such as "<a>", "<span>", or "<font>").
    Error Line 58, Column 377: character data is not allowed here
 
    …ènements de cette semaine</b><br></br>Du <b>Mardi 21 Juin&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>Au <b…
 
    ?
 
    You have used character data somewhere it is not permitted to appear. Mistakes that can cause this error include:
        putting text directly in the body of the document without wrapping it in a container element (such as a <p>aragraph</p>), or
        forgetting to quote an attribute value (where characters such as "%" and "/" are common, but cannot appear without surrounding quotes), or
        using XHTML-style self-closing tags (such as <meta ... />) in HTML 4.01 or earlier. To fix, remove the extra slash ('/') character. For more information about the reasons for this, see Empty elements in SGML, HTML, XML, and XHTML.
    Error Line 58, Column 382: document type does not allow element "b" here; missing one of "p", "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", "h6", "div", "pre", "address", "fieldset", "ins", "del" start-tag
 
    …nts de cette semaine</b><br></br>Du <b>Mardi 21 Juin&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>Au <b>Mard…
 
    ?
 
    The mentioned element is not allowed to appear in the context in which you've placed it; the other mentioned elements are the only ones that are both allowed there and can contain the element mentioned. This might mean that you need a containing element, or possibly that you've forgotten to close a previous element.
 
    One possible cause for this message is that you have attempted to put a block-level element (such as "<p>" or "<table>") inside an inline element (such as "<a>", "<span>", or "<font>").
    Error Line 58, Column 412: character data is not allowed here
 
    …br>Du <b>Mardi 21 Juin&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>Au <b>Mardi 28 Juin&nbsp;&nbsp;</b><p></…
 
    ?
 
    You have used character data somewhere it is not permitted to appear. Mistakes that can cause this error include:
        putting text directly in the body of the document without wrapping it in a container element (such as a <p>aragraph</p>), or
        forgetting to quote an attribute value (where characters such as "%" and "/" are common, but cannot appear without surrounding quotes), or
        using XHTML-style self-closing tags (such as <meta ... />) in HTML 4.01 or earlier. To fix, remove the extra slash ('/') character. For more information about the reasons for this, see Empty elements in SGML, HTML, XML, and XHTML.
    Error Line 58, Column 417: document type does not allow element "b" here; missing one of "p", "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", "h6", "div", "pre", "address", "fieldset", "ins", "del" start-tag
 
    … <b>Mardi 21 Juin&nbsp;&nbsp;</b>Au <b>Mardi 28 Juin&nbsp;&nbsp;</b><p></p><b>…
 
    ?
 
    The mentioned element is not allowed to appear in the context in which you've placed it; the other mentioned elements are the only ones that are both allowed there and can contain the element mentioned. This might mean that you need a containing element, or possibly that you've forgotten to close a previous element.
 
    One possible cause for this message is that you have attempted to put a block-level element (such as "<p>" or "<table>") inside an inline element (such as "<a>", "<span>", or "<font>").
    Error Line 58, Column 456: document type does not allow element "b" here; missing one of "p", "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", "h6", "div", "pre", "address", "fieldset", "ins", "del" start-tag
 
    …Mardi 28 Juin&nbsp;&nbsp;</b><p></p><b><div class='recherche'>Concert   </b></…
 
    ?
 
    The mentioned element is not allowed to appear in the context in which you've placed it; the other mentioned elements are the only ones that are both allowed there and can contain the element mentioned. This might mean that you need a containing element, or possibly that you've forgotten to close a previous element.
 
    One possible cause for this message is that you have attempted to put a block-level element (such as "<p>" or "<table>") inside an inline element (such as "<a>", "<span>", or "<font>").
    Error Line 58, Column 479: document type does not allow element "div" here; missing one of "object", "ins", "del", "map", "button" start-tag
 
    …p;</b><p></p><b><div class='recherche'>Concert   </b></div><p></p><div class='…

    ?

    The mentioned element is not allowed to appear in the context in which you've placed it; the other mentioned elements are the only ones that are both allowed there and can contain the element mentioned. This might mean that you need a containing element, or possibly that you've forgotten to close a previous element.
 
    One possible cause for this message is that you have attempted to put a block-level element (such as "<p>" or "<table>") inside an inline element (such as "<a>", "<span>", or "<font>").
    Error Line 58, Column 493: end tag for "div" omitted, but OMITTAG NO was specified
 
    …b><div class='recherche'>Concert   </b></div><p></p><div class='recherche'>   …
 
    ?
 
    You may have neglected to close an element, or perhaps you meant to "self-close" an element, that is, ending it with "/>" instead of ">".
    Info Line 58, Column 457: start tag was here
 
    …ardi 28 Juin&nbsp;&nbsp;</b><p></p><b><div class='recherche'>Concert   </b></d…
 
    Error Line 58, Column 499: end tag for element "div" which is not open
 
class='recherche'>Concert   </b></div><p></p><div class='recherche'>    > Sal…
 
    ?
 
    The Validator found an end tag for the above element, but that element is not currently open. This is often caused by a leftover end tag from an element that was removed during editing, or by an implicitly closed element (if you have an error related to an element being used where it is not allowed, this is almost certainly the case). In the latter case this error will disappear as soon as you fix the original problem.
 
    If this error occurred in a script section of your document, you should probably read this FAQ entry.
    Error Line 58, Column 560: document type does not allow element "b" here; missing one of "p", "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", "h6", "div", "pre", "address", "fieldset", "ins", "del" start-tag
 
    …herche'>    > Salle_Concert   </div><b><div class='recherche'>    > mercredi 2…
 
    ?
 
    The mentioned element is not allowed to appear in the context in which you've placed it; the other mentioned elements are the only ones that are both allowed there and can contain the element mentioned. This might mean that you need a containing element, or possibly that you've forgotten to close a previous element.
 
    One possible cause for this message is that you have attempted to put a block-level element (such as "<p>" or "<table>") inside an inline element (such as "<a>", "<span>", or "<font>").
    Error Line 58, Column 583: document type does not allow element "div" here; missing one of "object", "ins", "del", "map", "button" start-tag
 
    …cert   </div><b><div class='recherche'>    > mercredi 22 juin   </b></div><div…
 
    ?
 
    The mentioned element is not allowed to appear in the context in which you've placed it; the other mentioned elements are the only ones that are both allowed there and can contain the element mentioned. This might mean that you need a containing element, or possibly that you've forgotten to close a previous element.
 
    One possible cause for this message is that you have attempted to put a block-level element (such as "<p>" or "<table>") inside an inline element (such as "<a>", "<span>", or "<font>").
    Error Line 58, Column 612: end tag for "div" omitted, but OMITTAG NO was specified
 
    …echerche'>    > mercredi 22 juin   </b></div><div class='recherche'>    > Aggl…
 
    ?
 
    You may have neglected to close an element, or perhaps you meant to "self-close" an element, that is, ending it with "/>" instead of ">".
    Info Line 58, Column 561: start tag was here
 
    …erche'>    > Salle_Concert   </div><b><div class='recherche'>    > mercredi 22…
 
    Error Line 58, Column 618: end tag for element "div" which is not open
 
    …he'>    > mercredi 22 juin   </b></div><div class='recherche'>    > Agglomérat…
 
    ?
 
    The Validator found an end tag for the above element, but that element is not currently open. This is often caused by a leftover end tag from an element that was removed during editing, or by an implicitly closed element (if you have an error related to an element being used where it is not allowed, this is almost certainly the case). In the latter case this error will disappear as soon as you fix the original problem.
 
    If this error occurred in a script section of your document, you should probably read this FAQ entry.
    Error Line 58, Column 816: document type does not allow element "b" here; missing one of "p", "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", "h6", "div", "pre", "address", "fieldset", "ins", "del" start-tag
 
    …ass='recherche'> où ? Le QG   </div><b><div class='recherche'> qui ? Dub In Vo…
 
    ?
 
    The mentioned element is not allowed to appear in the context in which you've placed it; the other mentioned elements are the only ones that are both allowed there and can contain the element mentioned. This might mean that you need a containing element, or possibly that you've forgotten to close a previous element.
 
    One possible cause for this message is that you have attempted to put a block-level element (such as "<p>" or "<table>") inside an inline element (such as "<a>", "<span>", or "<font>").
    Error Line 58, Column 839: document type does not allow element "div" here; missing one of "object", "ins", "del", "map", "button" start-tag
 
    …e QG   </div><b><div class='recherche'> qui ? Dub In Vo   </b></div><p></p><di…
 
    ?
 
    The mentioned element is not allowed to appear in the context in which you've placed it; the other mentioned elements are the only ones that are both allowed there and can contain the element mentioned. This might mean that you need a containing element, or possibly that you've forgotten to close a previous element.
 
    One possible cause for this message is that you have attempted to put a block-level element (such as "<p>" or "<table>") inside an inline element (such as "<a>", "<span>", or "<font>").
    Error Line 58, Column 862: end tag for "div" omitted, but OMITTAG NO was specified
 
    …ass='recherche'> qui ? Dub In Vo   </b></div><p></p><div class='recherche'>   …
 
    ?
 
    You may have neglected to close an element, or perhaps you meant to "self-close" an element, that is, ending it with "/>" instead of ">".
    Info Line 58, Column 817: start tag was here
 
    …ss='recherche'> où ? Le QG   </div><b><div class='recherche'> qui ? Dub In Vo …
 
    Error Line 58, Column 868: end tag for element "div" which is not open
 
    …echerche'> qui ? Dub In Vo   </b></div><p></p><div class='recherche'>      < d…
 
    ?
 
    The Validator found an end tag for the above element, but that element is not currently open. This is often caused by a leftover end tag from an element that was removed during editing, or by an implicitly closed element (if you have an error related to an element being used where it is not allowed, this is almost certainly the case). In the latter case this error will disappear as soon as you fix the original problem.
 
    If this error occurred in a script section of your document, you should probably read this FAQ entry.
    Warning Line 58, Column 905: character "<" is the first character of a delimiter but occurred as data
 
    …iv><p></p><div class='recherche'>      < dub in vo en concert   </div><br></br>
 
    ?
 
    This message may appear in several cases:
        You tried to include the "<" character in your page: you should escape it as "&lt;"
        You used an unescaped ampersand "&": this may be valid in some contexts, but it is recommended to use "&amp;", which is always safe.
        Another possibility is that you forgot to close quotes in a previous tag.
    Error Line 58, Column 939: document type does not allow element "br" here; missing one of "p", "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", "h6", "div", "pre", "address", "fieldset", "ins", "del" start-tag
 
    …iv><p></p><div class='recherche'>      < dub in vo en concert   </div><br></br>
 
    ?
 
    The mentioned element is not allowed to appear in the context in which you've placed it; the other mentioned elements are the only ones that are both allowed there and can contain the element mentioned. This might mean that you need a containing element, or possibly that you've forgotten to close a previous element.
 
    One possible cause for this message is that you have attempted to put a block-level element (such as "<p>" or "<table>") inside an inline element (such as "<a>", "<span>", or "<font>").
    Error Line 63, Column 6: end tag for element "div" which is not open
 
    </div>
 
    ?
 
    The Validator found an end tag for the above element, but that element is not currently open. This is often caused by a leftover end tag from an element that was removed during editing, or by an implicitly closed element (if you have an error related to an element being used where it is not allowed, this is almost certainly the case). In the latter case this error will disappear as soon as you fix the original problem.
 
    If this error occurred in a script section of your document, you should probably read this FAQ entry.
    Error Line 70, Column 3: "DOCTYPE" declaration not allowed in instance
 
    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
 
    ?
    Error Line 72, Column 67: document type does not allow element "html" here
 
    <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="fr" lang="fr">
 
    ?
 
    The element named above was found in a context where it is not allowed. This could mean that you have incorrectly nested elements -- such as a "style" element in the "body" section instead of inside "head" -- or two elements that overlap (which is not allowed).
 
    One common cause for this error is the use of XHTML syntax in HTML documents. Due to HTML's rules of implicitly closed elements, this error can create cascading effects. For instance, using XHTML's "self-closing" tags for "meta" and "link" in the "head" section of a HTML document may cause the parser to infer the end of the "head" section and the beginning of the "body" section (where "link" and "meta" are not allowed; hence the reported error).