Monter automatiquement une partition lors de l'insertion dans la raspberry d'une clef usb !
Salut à tous.
Je fais ce test avec ma Raspberry Pi 3+, sous raspbian.
Je désire, à chaque fois que j'insère ma clef usb dans la raspberry, que le montage des partitions "/boot" et "/rootfs" se fassent automatiquement.
C'est bien plus pratique que de le faire manuellement à chaque fois.
Voici les caractéristiques de ma clef usb :
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| /etc/udev/rules.d> lsusb
Bus 001 Device 004: ID 0bc2:61b3 Seagate RSS LLC
Bus 001 Device 012: ID 18a5:0302 Verbatim, Ltd Flash Drive
Bus 001 Device 005: ID 0424:7800 Standard Microsystems Corp.
Bus 001 Device 003: ID 0424:2514 Standard Microsystems Corp. USB 2.0 Hub
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 0424:2514 Standard Microsystems Corp. USB 2.0 Hub
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
/etc/udev/rules.d> |
La ligne qui nous concerne est la deuxième : "Verbatim, Ltd Flash Drive".
Après l'insertion de la clef usb dans la raspberry, voici ce que j'obtiens :
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| /etc/udev/rules.d> blkid
/dev/sda1: LABEL="boot" UUID="13C6-2676" TYPE="vfat" PARTUUID="9cba179a-01"
/dev/sda2: UUID="037616fd-28fe-4652-8248-2042ea30b929" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="9cba179a-02"
/dev/sdb1: LABEL="boot" UUID="D332-A79C" TYPE="vfat" PARTUUID="12345678-01"
/dev/sdb2: LABEL="rootfs" UUID="31688870-9e02-4182-8cda-25195c5a4739" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="12345678-02"
/etc/udev/rules.d> |
Il s'agit des périphériques "/dev/sdb1" et "/dev/sdb2". Ce sont ses périphériques sur lesquelles je travaille.
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| /etc/udev/rules.d> df
Sys. de fichiers blocs de 1K Utilisé Disponible Uti% Monté sur
/dev/root 16453544 4913708 10813268 32% /
devtmpfs 470112 0 470112 0% /dev
tmpfs 474720 0 474720 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 474720 12620 462100 3% /run
tmpfs 5120 4 5116 1% /run/lock
tmpfs 474720 0 474720 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs 10240 12 10228 1% /tmp
tmpfs 10240 296 9944 3% /var/log
tmpfs 10240 0 10240 0% /var/tmp
/dev/sda1 42137 22499 19638 54% /boot
tmpfs 94944 0 94944 0% /run/user/1000
tmpfs 94944 0 94944 0% /run/user/0
tmpfs 94944 0 94944 0% /run/user/109
/etc/udev/rules.d> |
Comme on le constate, ils n'ont pas été montés.
Voici la règle que j'ai ajouté : "10-my-usb-key.rules".
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| /etc/udev/rules.d> la
total 20
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 sept. 19 00:04 .
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 sept. 17 13:22 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 733 sept. 19 00:04 10-my-usb-key.rules
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 328 août 30 13:31 72-static-name.rules
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1028 nov. 27 2017 99-com.rules
/etc/udev/rules.d> |
Et voici son contenu :
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| #
# Mount the device
#
KERNEL=="sd[b-z]2",SUBSYSTEM=="block",ATTRS{idVendor}=="18a5",ATTRS{idProduct}=="0302",ACTION=="add",\
RUN+="/bin/mount -t auto -o defaults,user,noexec /dev/%k /mnt/rootfs",SYMLINK+="my_usb_key_2"
#
# Clean up after removal
#
KERNEL=="sd[b-z]2",SUBSYSTEM=="block",ATTRS{idVendor}=="18a5",ATTRS{idProduct}=="0302",ACTION=="remove",\
RUN+="/bin/umount -l /dev/%k"
~ |
J'indique ici que la seconde règle, celle du montage de la partition "rootfs".
A priori, je pense que j'ai correctement inséré les bons paramètres.
A tout hasard, voici le compte-rendu de ce périphérique :
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| /etc/udev/rules.d> udevadm info -a /dev/sdb2
Udevadm info starts with the device specified by the devpath and then
walks up the chain of parent devices. It prints for every device
found, all possible attributes in the udev rules key format.
A rule to match, can be composed by the attributes of the device
and the attributes from one single parent device.
looking at device '/devices/platform/soc/3f980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.1/1-1.1.2/1-1.1.2:1.0/host1/target1:0:0/1:0:0:0/block/sdb/sdb2':
KERNEL=="sdb2"
SUBSYSTEM=="block"
DRIVER==""
ATTR{alignment_offset}=="0"
ATTR{discard_alignment}=="0"
ATTR{inflight}==" 0 0"
ATTR{partition}=="2"
ATTR{ro}=="0"
ATTR{size}=="16777216"
ATTR{start}=="98304"
ATTR{stat}==" 187 87 13220 4350 3 0 24 770 0 4280 5120"
looking at parent device '/devices/platform/soc/3f980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.1/1-1.1.2/1-1.1.2:1.0/host1/target1:0:0/1:0:0:0/block/sdb':
KERNELS=="sdb"
SUBSYSTEMS=="block"
DRIVERS==""
ATTRS{alignment_offset}=="0"
ATTRS{capability}=="51"
ATTRS{discard_alignment}=="0"
ATTRS{events}=="media_change"
ATTRS{events_async}==""
ATTRS{events_poll_msecs}=="-1"
ATTRS{ext_range}=="256"
ATTRS{inflight}==" 0 0"
ATTRS{range}=="16"
ATTRS{removable}=="1"
ATTRS{ro}=="0"
ATTRS{size}=="120918016"
ATTRS{stat}==" 354 100 18246 9740 3 0 24 770 0 6580 10510"
looking at parent device '/devices/platform/soc/3f980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.1/1-1.1.2/1-1.1.2:1.0/host1/target1:0:0/1:0:0:0':
KERNELS=="1:0:0:0"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi"
DRIVERS=="sd"
ATTRS{device_blocked}=="0"
ATTRS{device_busy}=="0"
ATTRS{eh_timeout}=="10"
ATTRS{evt_capacity_change_reported}=="0"
ATTRS{evt_inquiry_change_reported}=="0"
ATTRS{evt_lun_change_reported}=="0"
ATTRS{evt_media_change}=="0"
ATTRS{evt_mode_parameter_change_reported}=="0"
ATTRS{evt_soft_threshold_reached}=="0"
ATTRS{inquiry}==""
ATTRS{iocounterbits}=="32"
ATTRS{iodone_cnt}=="0x52e"
ATTRS{ioerr_cnt}=="0x2"
ATTRS{iorequest_cnt}=="0x52e"
ATTRS{max_sectors}=="240"
ATTRS{model}=="STORE N GO "
ATTRS{queue_depth}=="1"
ATTRS{queue_type}=="none"
ATTRS{rev}=="5.00"
ATTRS{scsi_level}=="5"
ATTRS{state}=="running"
ATTRS{timeout}=="30"
ATTRS{type}=="0"
ATTRS{vendor}=="Verbatim"
looking at parent device '/devices/platform/soc/3f980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.1/1-1.1.2/1-1.1.2:1.0/host1/target1:0:0':
KERNELS=="target1:0:0"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi"
DRIVERS==""
looking at parent device '/devices/platform/soc/3f980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.1/1-1.1.2/1-1.1.2:1.0/host1':
KERNELS=="host1"
SUBSYSTEMS=="scsi"
DRIVERS==""
looking at parent device '/devices/platform/soc/3f980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.1/1-1.1.2/1-1.1.2:1.0':
KERNELS=="1-1.1.2:1.0"
SUBSYSTEMS=="usb"
DRIVERS=="usb-storage"
ATTRS{authorized}=="1"
ATTRS{bAlternateSetting}==" 0"
ATTRS{bInterfaceClass}=="08"
ATTRS{bInterfaceNumber}=="00"
ATTRS{bInterfaceProtocol}=="50"
ATTRS{bInterfaceSubClass}=="06"
ATTRS{bNumEndpoints}=="02"
ATTRS{supports_autosuspend}=="1"
looking at parent device '/devices/platform/soc/3f980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.1/1-1.1.2':
KERNELS=="1-1.1.2"
SUBSYSTEMS=="usb"
DRIVERS=="usb"
ATTRS{authorized}=="1"
ATTRS{avoid_reset_quirk}=="0"
ATTRS{bConfigurationValue}=="1"
ATTRS{bDeviceClass}=="00"
ATTRS{bDeviceProtocol}=="00"
ATTRS{bDeviceSubClass}=="00"
ATTRS{bMaxPacketSize0}=="64"
ATTRS{bMaxPower}=="200mA"
ATTRS{bNumConfigurations}=="1"
ATTRS{bNumInterfaces}==" 1"
ATTRS{bcdDevice}=="0100"
ATTRS{bmAttributes}=="80"
ATTRS{busnum}=="1"
ATTRS{configuration}==""
ATTRS{devnum}=="12"
ATTRS{devpath}=="1.1.2"
ATTRS{devspec}==" (null)"
ATTRS{idProduct}=="0302"
ATTRS{idVendor}=="18a5"
ATTRS{ltm_capable}=="no"
ATTRS{manufacturer}=="Verbatim"
ATTRS{maxchild}=="0"
ATTRS{product}=="STORE N GO"
ATTRS{quirks}=="0x0"
ATTRS{removable}=="removable"
ATTRS{serial}=="07013A109B3D5264"
ATTRS{speed}=="480"
ATTRS{urbnum}=="4361"
ATTRS{version}==" 2.00"
looking at parent device '/devices/platform/soc/3f980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.1':
KERNELS=="1-1.1"
SUBSYSTEMS=="usb"
DRIVERS=="usb"
ATTRS{authorized}=="1"
ATTRS{avoid_reset_quirk}=="0"
ATTRS{bConfigurationValue}=="1"
ATTRS{bDeviceClass}=="09"
ATTRS{bDeviceProtocol}=="02"
ATTRS{bDeviceSubClass}=="00"
ATTRS{bMaxPacketSize0}=="64"
ATTRS{bMaxPower}=="2mA"
ATTRS{bNumConfigurations}=="1"
ATTRS{bNumInterfaces}==" 1"
ATTRS{bcdDevice}=="0bb3"
ATTRS{bmAttributes}=="e0"
ATTRS{busnum}=="1"
ATTRS{configuration}==""
ATTRS{devnum}=="3"
ATTRS{devpath}=="1.1"
ATTRS{idProduct}=="2514"
ATTRS{idVendor}=="0424"
ATTRS{ltm_capable}=="no"
ATTRS{maxchild}=="3"
ATTRS{quirks}=="0x0"
ATTRS{removable}=="fixed"
ATTRS{speed}=="480"
ATTRS{urbnum}=="190"
ATTRS{version}==" 2.00"
looking at parent device '/devices/platform/soc/3f980000.usb/usb1/1-1':
KERNELS=="1-1"
SUBSYSTEMS=="usb"
DRIVERS=="usb"
ATTRS{authorized}=="1"
ATTRS{avoid_reset_quirk}=="0"
ATTRS{bConfigurationValue}=="1"
ATTRS{bDeviceClass}=="09"
ATTRS{bDeviceProtocol}=="02"
ATTRS{bDeviceSubClass}=="00"
ATTRS{bMaxPacketSize0}=="64"
ATTRS{bMaxPower}=="2mA"
ATTRS{bNumConfigurations}=="1"
ATTRS{bNumInterfaces}==" 1"
ATTRS{bcdDevice}=="0bb3"
ATTRS{bmAttributes}=="e0"
ATTRS{busnum}=="1"
ATTRS{configuration}==""
ATTRS{devnum}=="2"
ATTRS{devpath}=="1"
ATTRS{idProduct}=="2514"
ATTRS{idVendor}=="0424"
ATTRS{ltm_capable}=="no"
ATTRS{maxchild}=="4"
ATTRS{quirks}=="0x0"
ATTRS{removable}=="unknown"
ATTRS{speed}=="480"
ATTRS{urbnum}=="49"
ATTRS{version}==" 2.00"
looking at parent device '/devices/platform/soc/3f980000.usb/usb1':
KERNELS=="usb1"
SUBSYSTEMS=="usb"
DRIVERS=="usb"
ATTRS{authorized}=="1"
ATTRS{authorized_default}=="1"
ATTRS{avoid_reset_quirk}=="0"
ATTRS{bConfigurationValue}=="1"
ATTRS{bDeviceClass}=="09"
ATTRS{bDeviceProtocol}=="01"
ATTRS{bDeviceSubClass}=="00"
ATTRS{bMaxPacketSize0}=="64"
ATTRS{bMaxPower}=="0mA"
ATTRS{bNumConfigurations}=="1"
ATTRS{bNumInterfaces}==" 1"
ATTRS{bcdDevice}=="0414"
ATTRS{bmAttributes}=="e0"
ATTRS{busnum}=="1"
ATTRS{configuration}==""
ATTRS{devnum}=="1"
ATTRS{devpath}=="0"
ATTRS{idProduct}=="0002"
ATTRS{idVendor}=="1d6b"
ATTRS{interface_authorized_default}=="1"
ATTRS{ltm_capable}=="no"
ATTRS{manufacturer}=="Linux 4.14.69-v7+ dwc_otg_hcd"
ATTRS{maxchild}=="1"
ATTRS{product}=="DWC OTG Controller"
ATTRS{quirks}=="0x0"
ATTRS{removable}=="unknown"
ATTRS{serial}=="3f980000.usb"
ATTRS{speed}=="480"
ATTRS{urbnum}=="31"
ATTRS{version}==" 2.00"
looking at parent device '/devices/platform/soc/3f980000.usb':
KERNELS=="3f980000.usb"
SUBSYSTEMS=="platform"
DRIVERS=="dwc_otg"
ATTRS{busconnected}=="Bus Connected = 0x1"
ATTRS{buspower}=="Bus Power = 0x1"
ATTRS{bussuspend}=="Bus Suspend = 0x0"
ATTRS{devspeed}=="Device Speed = 0x0"
ATTRS{driver_override}=="(null)"
ATTRS{enumspeed}=="Device Enumeration Speed = 0x1"
ATTRS{fr_interval}=="Frame Interval = 0x1d4b"
ATTRS{ggpio}=="GGPIO = 0x00000000"
ATTRS{gnptxfsiz}=="GNPTXFSIZ = 0x01000306"
ATTRS{gotgctl}=="GOTGCTL = 0x001c0000"
ATTRS{gpvndctl}=="GPVNDCTL = 0x00000000"
ATTRS{grxfsiz}=="GRXFSIZ = 0x00000306"
ATTRS{gsnpsid}=="GSNPSID = 0x4f54280a"
ATTRS{guid}=="GUID = 0x2708a000"
ATTRS{gusbcfg}=="GUSBCFG = 0x20001700"
ATTRS{hcd_frrem}=="HCD Dump Frame Remaining"
ATTRS{hcddump}=="HCD Dump"
ATTRS{hnp}=="HstNegScs = 0x0"
ATTRS{hnpcapable}=="HNPCapable = 0x1"
ATTRS{hprt0}=="HPRT0 = 0x00001005"
ATTRS{hptxfsiz}=="HPTXFSIZ = 0x02000406"
ATTRS{hsic_connect}=="HSIC Connect = 0x1"
ATTRS{inv_sel_hsic}=="Invert Select HSIC = 0x0"
ATTRS{mode}=="Mode = 0x1"
ATTRS{mode_ch_tim_en}=="Mode Change Ready Timer Enable = 0x0"
ATTRS{rd_reg_test}=="Time to read GNPTXFSIZ reg 10000000 times: 870 msecs (87 jiffies)"
ATTRS{regdump}=="Register Dump"
ATTRS{regoffset}=="0xffffffff"
ATTRS{regvalue}=="invalid offset"
ATTRS{rem_wakeup_pwrdn}==""
ATTRS{remote_wakeup}=="Remote Wakeup Sig = 0 Enabled = 0 LPM Remote Wakeup = 0"
ATTRS{spramdump}=="SPRAM Dump"
ATTRS{srp}=="SesReqScs = 0x0"
ATTRS{srpcapable}=="SRPCapable = 0x1"
ATTRS{wr_reg_test}=="Time to write GNPTXFSIZ reg 10000000 times: 300 msecs (30 jiffies)"
looking at parent device '/devices/platform/soc':
KERNELS=="soc"
SUBSYSTEMS=="platform"
DRIVERS==""
ATTRS{driver_override}=="(null)"
looking at parent device '/devices/platform':
KERNELS=="platform"
SUBSYSTEMS==""
DRIVERS==""
/etc/udev/rules.d> |
Et voici le lien symbolique :
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| crw------- 1 root root 10, 59 sept. 18 23:04 memory_bandwidth
drwxrwxrwt 2 root root 40 janv. 1 1970 mqueue
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4 sept. 19 00:01 my_usb_key_2 -> sdb2
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 60 sept. 18 23:04 net
crw------- 1 root root 10, 61 sept. 18 23:04 network_latency |
Comme on peut le constater, le lien symbolique 'my_usb_key' s'affiche correctement.
Afin de vérifier si le lien fonctionne correctement, j'ai monté la partition et j'ai bien obtenu son contenu.
Tout à l'air de fonctionner, sauf le montage de la partition "rootfs".
J'ai fait des tas de tests, même en remplaçant la commande "mount" par un programme "test.sh", qui ne se déclenche pas.
Qu'est-ce que j'ai mal fait ?
@+
