Sectionner noeud dans un Tree et Affichier dans un TextArea

Version imprimable

1 pièce(s) jointe(s)

Bonjour à tous! J'ai un problème qui m'agace et m'étant renseigner sur plusieurs forum, je viens vous voir en espérant trouver une solution.

Mon problème, c'est que j'ai une interface avec un Tree et une jTextArea et je veux que quand je clique sur une feuille de l'arbre cela affiche du texte dans l'area:

Pièce jointe 340787

Comme vous pouvez le voir, cela ne marche pas.

Voici le code:

Code:

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/*
 * To change this license header, choose License Headers in Project Properties.
 * To change this template file, choose Tools | Templates
 * and open the template in the editor.
 */
package pkginterface;
 
 
import Test.Fil;
import Test.GroupeDeFil;
import java.util.TreeSet;
import javax.swing.JTree;
import javax.swing.tree.DefaultMutableTreeNode;
import javax.swing.tree.TreePath;
 
 
/**
 *
 * @author fuzier
 */
public class InterfaceUtilisateur extends javax.swing.JFrame {
 
    private final String nom;
    private final String prenom;
    private TreeSet<GroupeDeFil> groupes;
    private TreeSet<Fil> fdds;
 
 
    public InterfaceUtilisateur(String nom,String prenom,TreeSet<GroupeDeFil> groupes,TreeSet<Fil> fdds) {
        initComponents();
        this.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
        this.setResizable(false);
        this.nom=nom;
        this.prenom=prenom;
        this.groupes = groupes;
        this.fdds = fdds;
        this.groupes=groupes;
        jLabel1.setText(nom);
        jLabel2.setText(prenom);
 
        creerArbre();
 
 
    }
 
 
    private void creerArbre(){
 
        DefaultMutableTreeNode root; 
        root = new DefaultMutableTreeNode("Groupes");
 
        if(!groupes.isEmpty()){
 
            groupes.stream().forEach((GroupeDeFil g) -> {
                DefaultMutableTreeNode branche= new DefaultMutableTreeNode(g.getNom());
                for(Fil f: g.getFils()){
                    branche.add(new DefaultMutableTreeNode(f.getNom()));
                }
                root.add(branche);
            });
 
 
        }
 
        if(!fdds.isEmpty()){
            for(Fil f: fdds){
                if(!groupes.contains(f.getGroupe())){
                    DefaultMutableTreeNode branche= new DefaultMutableTreeNode(f.getGroupe().getNom());
                    branche.add(new DefaultMutableTreeNode(f.getNom()));
                    root.add(branche);
                }
            }
        }
 
        jTree1 = new JTree(root);
        jScrollPane1.setViewportView(jTree1);
 
 
    }
    /**
     * This method is called from within the constructor to initialize the form.
     * WARNING: Do NOT modify this code. The content of this method is always
     * regenerated by the Form Editor.
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    // <editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc="Generated Code">                          
    private void initComponents() {
 
        jScrollPane1 = new javax.swing.JScrollPane();
        jTree1 = new javax.swing.JTree();
        jButton1 = new javax.swing.JButton();
        jButton2 = new javax.swing.JButton();
        jButton3 = new javax.swing.JButton();
        jLabel1 = new javax.swing.JLabel();
        jLabel2 = new javax.swing.JLabel();
        jLabel3 = new javax.swing.JLabel();
        jScrollPane3 = new javax.swing.JScrollPane();
        jTextArea2 = new javax.swing.JTextArea();
        jScrollPane2 = new javax.swing.JScrollPane();
        jTextArea1 = new javax.swing.JTextArea();
 
        setDefaultCloseOperation(javax.swing.WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
 
        jTree1.addMouseListener(new java.awt.event.MouseAdapter() {
            public void mouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) {
                jTree1MouseClicked(evt);
            }
        });
        jTree1.addTreeSelectionListener(new javax.swing.event.TreeSelectionListener() {
            public void valueChanged(javax.swing.event.TreeSelectionEvent evt) {
                jTree1ValueChanged(evt);
            }
        });
        jScrollPane1.setViewportView(jTree1);
 
        jButton1.setText("Envoyer");
 
        jButton2.setText("Effacer");
        jButton2.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
                jButton2ActionPerformed(evt);
            }
        });
 
        jButton3.setText("Ajouter discussion");
        jButton3.addMouseListener(new java.awt.event.MouseAdapter() {
            public void mouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) {
                jButton3MouseClicked(evt);
            }
        });
        jButton3.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
                jButton3ActionPerformed(evt);
            }
        });
 
        jLabel1.setText("jLabel1");
 
        jLabel2.setText("jLabel2");
 
        jLabel3.setForeground(new java.awt.Color(59, 74, 207));
        jLabel3.setText("Deconnexion");
        jLabel3.addMouseListener(new java.awt.event.MouseAdapter() {
            public void mouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) {
                jLabel3MouseClicked(evt);
            }
        });
 
        jTextArea2.setColumns(20);
        jTextArea2.setRows(5);
        jScrollPane3.setViewportView(jTextArea2);
 
        jTextArea1.setColumns(20);
        jTextArea1.setRows(5);
        jScrollPane2.setViewportView(jTextArea1);
 
        javax.swing.GroupLayout layout = new javax.swing.GroupLayout(getContentPane());
        getContentPane().setLayout(layout);
        layout.setHorizontalGroup(
            layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
            .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
                .addContainerGap()
                .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.TRAILING)
                    .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
                        .addComponent(jLabel3)
                        .addGap(30, 30, 30)
                        .addComponent(jLabel2)
                        .addGap(26, 26, 26)
                        .addComponent(jLabel1))
                    .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
                        .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.TRAILING)
                            .addComponent(jScrollPane1, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 173, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
                            .addComponent(jButton3, javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 173, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE))
                        .addGap(18, 18, 18)
                        .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING, false)
                            .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
                                .addComponent(jScrollPane3, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 638, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
                                .addPreferredGap(javax.swing.LayoutStyle.ComponentPlacement.RELATED)
                                .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING, false)
                                    .addComponent(jButton1, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, 133, Short.MAX_VALUE)
                                    .addComponent(jButton2, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, Short.MAX_VALUE)))
                            .addComponent(jScrollPane2))))
                .addContainerGap(38, Short.MAX_VALUE))
        );
        layout.setVerticalGroup(
            layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
            .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
                .addGap(6, 6, 6)
                .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.BASELINE)
                    .addComponent(jLabel1)
                    .addComponent(jLabel2)
                    .addComponent(jLabel3))
                .addPreferredGap(javax.swing.LayoutStyle.ComponentPlacement.RELATED)
                .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.TRAILING, false)
                    .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
                        .addComponent(jScrollPane1, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 521, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
                        .addPreferredGap(javax.swing.LayoutStyle.ComponentPlacement.RELATED)
                        .addComponent(jButton3))
                    .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
                        .addComponent(jScrollPane2)
                        .addPreferredGap(javax.swing.LayoutStyle.ComponentPlacement.RELATED)
                        .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
                            .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
                                .addComponent(jButton1, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 64, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
                                .addGap(18, 18, 18)
                                .addComponent(jButton2, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 62, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE))
                            .addComponent(jScrollPane3, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 144, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE))))
                .addContainerGap(60, Short.MAX_VALUE))
        );
 
        pack();
    }// </editor-fold>                        
 
    private void jButton2ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {                                         
        jTextArea2.setText("");
    }                                        
 
    private void jLabel3MouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) {                                     
        Accueil a= new Accueil();
        a.setVisible(true);
        this.dispose();
    }                                    
 
    private void jButton3ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {                                         
        // TODO add your handling code here:
    }                                        
 
    private void jButton3MouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) {                                      
 
    }                                     
 
    private void jTree1ValueChanged(javax.swing.event.TreeSelectionEvent evt) {                                    
        JTree tree;
        tree = (JTree) evt.getSource();
	DefaultMutableTreeNode selectedNode = (DefaultMutableTreeNode) tree.getLastSelectedPathComponent();
        if (selectedNode != null){
             if(selectedNode.isLeaf()){
                 jTextArea1.setText("toto");
             }
        }
    }                                   
 
    private void jTree1MouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) {                                    
 
    }                                   
 
 
 
    // Variables declaration - do not modify                     
    private javax.swing.JButton jButton1;
    private javax.swing.JButton jButton2;
    private javax.swing.JButton jButton3;
    private javax.swing.JLabel jLabel1;
    private javax.swing.JLabel jLabel2;
    private javax.swing.JLabel jLabel3;
    private javax.swing.JScrollPane jScrollPane1;
    private javax.swing.JScrollPane jScrollPane2;
    private javax.swing.JScrollPane jScrollPane3;
    private javax.swing.JTextArea jTextArea1;
    private javax.swing.JTextArea jTextArea2;
    private javax.swing.JTree jTree1;
    // End of variables declaration                   
}

Donc dans la méthode valueChanged, je récupère le noeud que j'ai séléctionné et si c'est une feuille j'affiche le texte...Mais pourquoi cela n'affiche rien???

Merci d'avance pour votre aide ;)

C'est bon j'ai trouvé! Après moulte recherche voici le resultat pour ceux qui chercheraient:

Code:

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/*
 * To change this license header, choose License Headers in Project Properties.
 * To change this template file, choose Tools | Templates
 * and open the template in the editor.
 */
package pkginterface;


import Test.Fil;
import Test.GroupeDeFil;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.util.TreeSet;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
import javax.swing.JTextArea;
import javax.swing.JTree;
import javax.swing.tree.DefaultMutableTreeNode;



/**
 *
 * @author fuzier
 */
public class InterfaceUtilisateur extends javax.swing.JFrame {

    private final String nom;
    private final String prenom;
    private TreeSet<GroupeDeFil> groupes;
    private TreeSet<Fil> fdds;
    
    
    public InterfaceUtilisateur(String nom,String prenom,TreeSet<GroupeDeFil> groupes,TreeSet<Fil> fdds) {
        initComponents();
        this.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
        this.setResizable(false);
        this.nom=nom;
        this.prenom=prenom;
        this.groupes = groupes;
        this.fdds = fdds;
        this.groupes=groupes;
        jLabel1.setText(nom);
        jLabel2.setText(prenom);
        
        creerArbre();
     
jTree1.addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() {
      @Override
      public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent me) {
        doMouseClicked(me);
      }
    });
        
        
    }
    
    void doMouseClicked(MouseEvent me) {
        JTree tree;
        tree = (JTree) me.getSource();
	DefaultMutableTreeNode selectedNode = (DefaultMutableTreeNode) tree.getLastSelectedPathComponent();
        JTextArea j= new JTextArea();
        if (selectedNode != null){
             if(selectedNode.isLeaf()){
                 j.setText("toto");
                 jScrollPane2.setViewportView(j);
                 
             }
        }
        else
            System.out.println("ata");
    }

    
    private void creerArbre(){
        
        DefaultMutableTreeNode root; 
        root = new DefaultMutableTreeNode("Groupes");
        
        if(!groupes.isEmpty()){
            
            groupes.stream().forEach((GroupeDeFil g) -> {
                DefaultMutableTreeNode branche= new DefaultMutableTreeNode(g.getNom());
                for(Fil f: g.getFils()){
                    branche.add(new DefaultMutableTreeNode(f.getNom()));
                }
                root.add(branche);
            });
           
            
        }
        
        if(!fdds.isEmpty()){
            for(Fil f: fdds){
                if(!groupes.contains(f.getGroupe())){
                    DefaultMutableTreeNode branche= new DefaultMutableTreeNode(f.getGroupe().getNom());
                    branche.add(new DefaultMutableTreeNode(f.getNom()));
                    root.add(branche);
                }
            }
        }
        
        jTree1 = new JTree(root);
        jScrollPane1.setViewportView(jTree1);
        
        
    }
    
    
    
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    // <editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc="Generated Code">                          
    private void initComponents() {

        jScrollPane1 = new javax.swing.JScrollPane();
        jTree1 = new javax.swing.JTree();
        jButton1 = new javax.swing.JButton();
        jButton2 = new javax.swing.JButton();
        jButton3 = new javax.swing.JButton();
        jLabel1 = new javax.swing.JLabel();
        jLabel2 = new javax.swing.JLabel();
        jLabel3 = new javax.swing.JLabel();
        jScrollPane3 = new javax.swing.JScrollPane();
        jTextArea2 = new javax.swing.JTextArea();
        jScrollPane2 = new javax.swing.JScrollPane();
        jTextArea1 = new javax.swing.JTextArea();

        setDefaultCloseOperation(javax.swing.WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        jTree1.addMouseListener(new java.awt.event.MouseAdapter() {
            public void mouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) {
                jTree1MouseClicked(evt);
            }
        });
        jTree1.addTreeSelectionListener(new javax.swing.event.TreeSelectionListener() {
            public void valueChanged(javax.swing.event.TreeSelectionEvent evt) {
                jTree1ValueChanged(evt);
            }
        });
        jScrollPane1.setViewportView(jTree1);

        jButton1.setText("Envoyer");
        jButton1.addMouseListener(new java.awt.event.MouseAdapter() {
            public void mouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) {
                jButton1MouseClicked(evt);
            }
        });

        jButton2.setText("Effacer");
        jButton2.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
                jButton2ActionPerformed(evt);
            }
        });

        jButton3.setText("Ajouter discussion");
        jButton3.addMouseListener(new java.awt.event.MouseAdapter() {
            public void mouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) {
                jButton3MouseClicked(evt);
            }
        });
        jButton3.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
            public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
                jButton3ActionPerformed(evt);
            }
        });

        jLabel1.setText("jLabel1");

        jLabel2.setText("jLabel2");

        jLabel3.setForeground(new java.awt.Color(59, 74, 207));
        jLabel3.setText("Deconnexion");
        jLabel3.addMouseListener(new java.awt.event.MouseAdapter() {
            public void mouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) {
                jLabel3MouseClicked(evt);
            }
        });

        jTextArea2.setColumns(20);
        jTextArea2.setRows(5);
        jScrollPane3.setViewportView(jTextArea2);

        jTextArea1.setEditable(false);
        jTextArea1.setColumns(20);
        jTextArea1.setRows(5);
        jScrollPane2.setViewportView(jTextArea1);

        javax.swing.GroupLayout layout = new javax.swing.GroupLayout(getContentPane());
        getContentPane().setLayout(layout);
        layout.setHorizontalGroup(
            layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
            .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
                .addContainerGap()
                .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.TRAILING)
                    .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
                        .addComponent(jLabel3)
                        .addGap(30, 30, 30)
                        .addComponent(jLabel2)
                        .addGap(26, 26, 26)
                        .addComponent(jLabel1))
                    .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
                        .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.TRAILING)
                            .addComponent(jScrollPane1, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 173, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
                            .addComponent(jButton3, javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 173, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE))
                        .addGap(18, 18, 18)
                        .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING, false)
                            .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
                                .addComponent(jScrollPane3, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 638, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
                                .addPreferredGap(javax.swing.LayoutStyle.ComponentPlacement.RELATED)
                                .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING, false)
                                    .addComponent(jButton1, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, 133, Short.MAX_VALUE)
                                    .addComponent(jButton2, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, Short.MAX_VALUE)))
                            .addComponent(jScrollPane2))))
                .addContainerGap(38, Short.MAX_VALUE))
        );
        layout.setVerticalGroup(
            layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
            .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
                .addGap(6, 6, 6)
                .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.BASELINE)
                    .addComponent(jLabel1)
                    .addComponent(jLabel2)
                    .addComponent(jLabel3))
                .addPreferredGap(javax.swing.LayoutStyle.ComponentPlacement.RELATED)
                .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.TRAILING, false)
                    .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
                        .addComponent(jScrollPane1, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 521, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
                        .addPreferredGap(javax.swing.LayoutStyle.ComponentPlacement.RELATED)
                        .addComponent(jButton3))
                    .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
                        .addComponent(jScrollPane2)
                        .addPreferredGap(javax.swing.LayoutStyle.ComponentPlacement.RELATED)
                        .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
                            .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
                                .addComponent(jButton1, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 64, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
                                .addGap(18, 18, 18)
                                .addComponent(jButton2, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 62, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE))
                            .addComponent(jScrollPane3, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 144, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE))))
                .addContainerGap(60, Short.MAX_VALUE))
        );

        pack();
    }// </editor-fold>                        

    private void jButton2ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {                                         
        jTextArea2.setText("");
    }                                        

    private void jLabel3MouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) {                                     
        Accueil a= new Accueil();
        a.setVisible(true);
        this.dispose();
    }                                    

    private void jButton3ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {                                         
        // TODO add your handling code here:
    }                                        

    private void jButton3MouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) {                                      
           AjouterDiscussion a;
           a = new AjouterDiscussion(nom,prenom,groupes,fdds);
           a.setVisible(true);
           this.dispose();
    }                                     

    private void jTree1ValueChanged(javax.swing.event.TreeSelectionEvent evt) {                                    
        
    }                                   

    private void jTree1MouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) {                                    
        
    }                                   

    private void jButton1MouseClicked(java.awt.event.MouseEvent evt) {                                      
        if(jTextArea2.getText().equals(""))
             JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "Veuillez rentrer votre message", "Erreur", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
        else{
            jTextArea1.setText(jTextArea2.getText());
            
        }
    }                                     

    

    // Variables declaration - do not modify                     
    private javax.swing.JButton jButton1;
    private javax.swing.JButton jButton2;
    private javax.swing.JButton jButton3;
    private javax.swing.JLabel jLabel1;
    private javax.swing.JLabel jLabel2;
    private javax.swing.JLabel jLabel3;
    private javax.swing.JScrollPane jScrollPane1;
    private javax.swing.JScrollPane jScrollPane2;
    private javax.swing.JScrollPane jScrollPane3;
    private javax.swing.JTextArea jTextArea1;
    private javax.swing.JTextArea jTextArea2;
    private javax.swing.JTree jTree1;
    // End of variables declaration                   
}

09/01/2018, 17h57
joel.drigo

Salut.

Note qu'il existe plusieurs niveaux d’événements. Les événements de souris (click, move, etc) sont des événements bas niveau. Il existe toujours des événements plus spécialisés.

Dans un JTree, la sélection de nœuds passe par un modèle de sélection : on peut paramétrer si on veut pouvoir sélectionner qu'un seul nœud ou plusieurs.
Par exemple, pour permettre la sélection d'un nœud au plus :

Code:

tree.getSelectionModel().setSelectionMode(TreeSelectionModel.SINGLE_TREE_SELECTION);

Ensuite la sélection s'écoute par un TreeSelectionListener. Qui va s'ajouter avec tree.addTreeSelectionListener. Si tu regardes la doc, tu verras que l'interface implémenter a une seule méthode qui prend un évenement en paramètre, de type TreeSelectionEvent. La doc de la classe d'indique les différentes informations que tu pourras récupérer (le chemin sélectionné par exemple).

Tu peux voir un exemple que j'avais fait pour répondre à une autre question ici.

PS: ce genre de problème est un problème de base et en cherchant un peu dans le forum dédié tu trouveras souvent la réponse.