[Débutant] Zedgraph : tracer une courbe en temps réel

Zedgraph : tracer une courbe en temps réel

Bonjour à tous,

Après avoir travailler sans problème avec MS Chart, j'ai eu l'idée de tester les capacités de Zedgraph.

Je compte donc tracer une courbe en fonction d'une pression y (venant d'un microcontroleur par RS 232) et du temps x en seconde.

Seulement Zedgraph se montre un peu plus complexe et je ne trouve pas comment faire, d'autant plus que les tutoriels disponibles sont rédigés pour le C#.
J'ai trouvé un echantillon de code ici : http://www.codeproject.com/KB/graphics/zedgraph.aspx ("Download VB Sample Project") sauf qu'il n'explique comment afficher toute une courbe d'un seul, et non en fonction du temps et d'un signal que je recois.

Quelqun pourrait m'expliquer comment faire s'il vous plait?

Merci beaucoup

Salut Rolf

Si tu sais déjà dessiner la courbe tu n'as qu'à prendre les données quand elles arrivent et attribuer la valeur à la courbe.

Code:

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 Private Sub SerialPort1_DataReceived(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.IO.Ports.SerialDataReceivedEventArgs) Handles SerialPort1.DataReceived
        Dim Valeur As Integer = Val(e.ToString)
        'Tu attribues ici la valeur reçue à ton graphique
        'Exemple:
        Chart1.Series(0).Points.Add(Valeur)
    End Sub

Salut Rof32,

tu as réussi de résoudre le problème ?

En ce moment, je suis en train de travailler sur le bus CAN, et je voudrais

tracer une courbe d'une variable en temps réel, je suis débutante et à la

recherche la solution. Si tu pourrais m'indiquer et me donner quelques conseils

?Merci beaucoup de ton attention

Il y a qq temps j'avais du réaliser un graph temps réel. Voici ma source(Pour info je recevais mes donnée via le reseau.)Dsl je n'ai pas eu le temps de trier j'ai collé tout mon form

Code:

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Imports System
Imports System.Net
Imports System.Net.Sockets
Imports System.Text
Imports Microsoft.VisualBasic
Imports System.IO
Imports System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.Charting
 
Public Class Form1
    Public valeuraxe As String = 1500
    Dim k As Double = 1
    Private X As Integer = 0
    Private Ytemp As Integer        'coordonnées Y pour le graph de température
    Private seuilT As Integer       'seuil de température
    Private Imagetemp As Bitmap = New Bitmap(600, 400)
    Private Imagetemp1 As Bitmap = New Bitmap(609, 20)  'image pour le dessin de la temprérature
    'image pour le dessin de la temprérature
    Private valseuiltemp As String          'chaine qui contiendra le suil de température
    Private tabtemp(540) As Point           'Déclaration du tableau de sauvegarde des températures
    Dim cpt As Integer
    Dim adipp As String
    Public toto As String
    Dim tutu As String
    Dim bol As Boolean = False
    Dim echel As Boolean = False
    Dim echel1 As Boolean = False
    Dim cptpoint As Integer
    Private Shared mcastAddress As IPAddress
    Private Shared mcastPort As Integer
    Private Shared mcastSocket As Socket
    Private Shared mcastOption As MulticastOption
    Dim result As List(Of String)
    Dim imm1 As Double
    Dim imm2 As Double
    Dim titi As Integer
    Dim affich As Boolean
    Dim Va As Double
    Dim celip As String
 
    Private Sub Form1_Activated(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Me.Activated
        Dim path As String = Directory.GetCurrentDirectory() & "\myip.txt"
        If bol = False Then
            If File.Exists(path) = True Then
                Using sr As StreamReader = File.OpenText(path)
                    Do While sr.Peek() >= 0
                        adipp = sr.ReadLine()
                    Loop
                End Using
                bol = True
                Timer1.Enabled = True
            End If
        End If
    End Sub
 
    Private Sub Form1_FormClosing(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.Windows.Forms.FormClosingEventArgs) Handles Me.FormClosing
        AboutBox1.ShowDialog()
        'MsgBox("Le logiciel toto+ est libre d'utilisation. Son code source reste la propriétée de son concepteur.")
    End Sub
    Private Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load
        Me.Location = New Point(0, 0)
        Dim path As String = Directory.GetCurrentDirectory() & "\myip.txt"
        cptpoint = 0
        affich = True
 
        If File.Exists(path) = False Then
            Timer1.Enabled = False
            Form2.ShowDialog()
        Else
            Using sr As StreamReader = File.OpenText(path)
                Do While sr.Peek() >= 0
                    adipp = sr.ReadLine()
                Loop
            End Using
            Timer1.Enabled = True
            'Timer2.Enabled = True
        End If
        cpt = 0
 
    End Sub
    Private Sub StartMulticast()
        Try
            mcastSocket = New Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Dgram, ProtocolType.Udp)
            Dim localIPAddr As IPAddress = IPAddress.Parse(adipp)
            'IPAddress localIP = IPAddress.Any;
            Dim localEP As EndPoint = CType(New IPEndPoint(localIPAddr, mcastPort), EndPoint)
            mcastSocket.Bind(localEP)
            ' Define a MulticastOption object specifying the multicast group 
            ' address and the local IPAddress.
            ' The multicast group address is the same as the address used by the server.
            mcastOption = New MulticastOption(mcastAddress, localIPAddr)
            mcastSocket.SetSocketOption(SocketOptionLevel.IP, SocketOptionName.AddMembership, mcastOption)
        Catch e As Exception
            'MsgBox(e.ToString())
        End Try
    End Sub 'StartMulticast
    Public Sub ReceiveBroadcastMessages()
        Dim done As Boolean = False
        Dim bytes() As Byte = New [Byte](99) {}
        Dim groupEP As New IPEndPoint(mcastAddress, mcastPort)
        Dim remoteEP As EndPoint = CType(New IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0), EndPoint)
        Try
            mcastSocket.ReceiveTimeout = 1000
            mcastSocket.ReceiveFrom(bytes, remoteEP)
            toto = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(bytes, 0, bytes.Length)
            TextBox1.Text = toto
            result = decoup(";", TextBox1.Text)
            Me.Text = "toto " & result(0)
            Label1.Text = result(2)
            Label2.Text = result(4)
            Label3.Text = result(3) & "°"
            calcul()
            If affich = True Then
                Label4.Text = CDbl(result(1)) + 14
            Else
                Label4.Text = Va
            End If
            If (CDbl(result(1)) + 14) > 15 And (CDbl(result(1)) + 14 < 16) Then
                celip = "Derniére CEL à l'IP le : " & Now() & vbCrLf & "est de: " & result(2)
            End If
            Button2.Enabled = True
            mcastSocket.Close()
        Catch e As Exception
            'Ne pas oublier le ".close" qui permet de pouvoir relançer l'acquisition
            mcastSocket.Close()
            Timer1.Enabled = False
            Timergraphe.Enabled = False
            Button2.Enabled = False
            titi = 0
            OvalShape1.BackColor = Color.Red
            cptpoint = 0
            MsgBox("Déconnecté")
            Label1.Text = "-----"
            Label2.Text = "-----"
            Label3.Text = "-----"
            Label4.Text = "-----"
        End Try
    End Sub
 
    Private Sub Timer1_Tick(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Timer1.Tick
        mcastAddress = IPAddress.Parse("225.0.1.30")
        mcastPort = 8000
        ' Start a multicast group.
        StartMulticast()
        ' Receive broadcast messages.
        ReceiveBroadcastMessages()
 
    End Sub
    Private Sub OvalShape1_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles OvalShape1.Click
        If Timer1.Enabled = False Then
            Timer1.Enabled = True
            OvalShape1.BackColor = Color.Green
        End If
    End Sub
    Private Function decoup(ByVal sepa As String, ByVal chaine As String)
        Dim pars As New List(Of String) 'pars est du type list. Sa valeur commence par 0
        Dim splichaine() As String = Split(chaine, sepa)
        Dim LastNonEmpty As Integer = -1
        For i As Integer = 0 To splichaine.Length - 1
            If splichaine(i) <> "" Then
                LastNonEmpty += 1
                splichaine(LastNonEmpty) = splichaine(i)
                pars.Add(splichaine(i))
            End If
        Next
        ReDim Preserve splichaine(LastNonEmpty)
        Return pars
    End Function
    Private Sub Button1_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click
        Form2.ShowDialog()
    End Sub
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Private Function scribe(ByVal tps As String)
        Dim sw As StreamWriter
        Dim path As String = Directory.GetCurrentDirectory() & "\sauv.csv"
        ' This text is added only once to the file.
        If File.Exists(path) = False Then
            sw = File.CreateText(path)
            sw.Close()
        End If
        sw = File.AppendText(path)
        sw.WriteLine(tps)
        sw.Close()
    End Function
 
 
 
 
 
    Private Sub Label4_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Label4.Click
        If affich = True Then
            Label4.Text = Va
            GroupBox4.Text = "Vitesse as."
            affich = False
        ElseIf affich = False Then
            Label4.Text = CDbl(result(1)) + 14
            GroupBox4.Text = "Immersion."
            affich = True
        End If
    End Sub
    Private Function calcul()
        If titi = 0 Then
            imm1 = CDbl(result(1))
        ElseIf titi = 2 Then
            imm2 = CDbl(result(1))
            Va = (imm1 - imm2) / 2
            Va = Math.Round(Va, 3)
            titi = 0
            Exit Function
        End If
        titi = titi + 1
    End Function
 
    Private Sub Button9_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button9.Click
        MsgBox(celip)
    End Sub
 
    Private Sub Timergraphe_Tick(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Timergraphe.Tick
        Dim essai As String
        Dim temp As Graphics = Graphics.FromImage(Imagetemp)
        Dim temp2 As Graphics = Graphics.FromImage(Imagetemp1)
        Dim police As Font
        Dim policetitre As Font
 
        police = New Font("arial", 10)          'police qui servt pour la legende
        policetitre = New Font("arial", 15)     'police qui sert pour les titres de graph
 
        'efface les pictureboxs pour eviter la supperposition de traits.
        temp.Clear(Color.WhiteSmoke)
        temp2.Clear(Color.WhiteSmoke)
        'convertion d'echelle pour les valeurs
        'température
        essai = Mid(result(2), 6, 1)
        essai = CInt(("0," & essai) * 8) / k
        Ytemp = Mid(result(2), 1, 4) - valeuraxe '
        Ytemp = 200 - Ytemp * 8 / k
        'pression
        If Ytemp >= 0 Then
            Ytemp = Ytemp - essai
        ElseIf Ytemp < 0 Then
            Ytemp = Ytemp + essai
        End If
 
        tabtemp(X) = New Point(X, Ytemp)    'tableau qui contiendra les points de température
 
        'decalage des tableaux pour donner l'impressioin de courbes temps reel
        If X = 540 Then
            For I As Integer = 0 To 539
                tabtemp(I).Y = tabtemp(I + 1).Y
            Next
            X = X - 1   'annule la fyture incrémentation de X
 
        End If
        X = X + 1       'permet de tracer au prochain tou le point d'abscisse supérieur
 
        'tracé des arrières plans
        temp.DrawLine(Pens.Brown, New Point(60, 30), New Point(60, 370))
        temp.DrawLine(Pens.Brown, New Point(120, 30), New Point(120, 370))
        temp.DrawLine(Pens.Brown, New Point(180, 30), New Point(180, 370))
        temp.DrawLine(Pens.Brown, New Point(240, 30), New Point(240, 370))
        temp.DrawLine(Pens.Brown, New Point(300, 30), New Point(300, 370))
        temp.DrawLine(Pens.Brown, New Point(360, 30), New Point(360, 370))
        temp.DrawLine(Pens.Brown, New Point(0, 0), New Point(0, 370))
        temp.DrawLine(Pens.Brown, New Point(420, 30), New Point(420, 370))
        temp.DrawLine(Pens.Brown, New Point(480, 30), New Point(480, 370))
        temp.DrawLine(Pens.Brown, New Point(540, 30), New Point(540, 370))
 
        'temp.DrawString("9", police, Brushes.Black, 536, 390)
        'graduations température
 
        'temp.DrawLine(Pens.Green, New Point(0, 20), New Point(550, 20))
        temp.DrawLine(Pens.Green, New Point(0, 160), New Point(550, 160))
        temp.DrawLine(Pens.Green, New Point(0, 120), New Point(550, 120)) '1510
        temp.DrawLine(Pens.Green, New Point(0, 80), New Point(550, 80))
        temp.DrawLine(Pens.Green, New Point(0, 40), New Point(550, 40)) '1520
 
        ' temp.DrawLine(Pens.Green, New Point(0, 380), New Point(550, 380))
        temp.DrawLine(Pens.Green, New Point(0, 360), New Point(550, 360))
        temp.DrawLine(Pens.Green, New Point(0, 320), New Point(550, 320))
        temp.DrawLine(Pens.Green, New Point(0, 280), New Point(550, 280))
        temp.DrawLine(Pens.Green, New Point(0, 240), New Point(550, 240))
 
 
        temp.DrawString(valeuraxe + 5 * k, police, Brushes.Black, 548, 152)
        temp.DrawString(valeuraxe + 10 * k, police, Brushes.Black, 548, 112)
        temp.DrawString(valeuraxe + 15 * k, police, Brushes.Black, 548, 72)
        temp.DrawString(valeuraxe + 20 * k, police, Brushes.Black, 548, 32)
        temp.DrawString(valeuraxe, police, Brushes.Black, 548, 192)
 
        'temp.DrawString("1455", police, Brushes.Black, 548, 372)
        temp.DrawString(valeuraxe - 20 * k, police, Brushes.Black, 548, 352)
        temp.DrawString(valeuraxe - 15 * k, police, Brushes.Black, 548, 312)
        temp.DrawString(valeuraxe - 10 * k, police, Brushes.Black, 548, 272)
        temp.DrawString(valeuraxe - 5 * k, police, Brushes.Black, 548, 232)
 
        'tracé des titres des graphs
        temp.DrawString("CELERITE/TEMPS", policetitre, Brushes.DarkSlateGray, 110, 5)
 
        'tracé des valeurs de seuil
        'température
        'valseuiltemp = "seuil : " & stationmeteo.Seuiltemp_indic.Text
        ' temp.DrawString(valseuiltemp, police, Brushes.DarkSeaGreen, 5, 7)
        'pression
        ' valseuilpress = "seuil : " & stationmeteo.seuilpress_indic.Text
        ' press.DrawString(valseuilpress, police, Brushes.DarkSeaGreen, 5, 7)
 
 
        'tracé des seuils
        'temp.DrawLine(Pens.Red, New Point(0, seuilT), New Point(600, seuilT))   'température
        temp.DrawLine(Pens.Red, New Point(0, 200), New Point(600, 200))   'température
 
        'tracé des courbes 
        For I As Integer = 0 To 539
            'courbe de température
            If tabtemp(I + 1) <> New Point(0, 0) Then
                temp.DrawLine(Pens.Blue, tabtemp(I), tabtemp(I + 1))
                Select Case I
                    Case Is = 0
                        temp2.DrawString("0", police, Brushes.Black, 0, 5)
                    Case Is = 60
                        temp2.Clear(Color.WhiteSmoke)
                        temp2.DrawString("1", police, Brushes.Black, 0, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("0", police, Brushes.Black, 56, 5)
                    Case Is = 120
                        temp2.Clear(Color.WhiteSmoke)
                        temp2.DrawString("2", police, Brushes.Black, 0, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("1", police, Brushes.Black, 56, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("0", police, Brushes.Black, 116, 5)
                    Case Is = 180
                        temp2.Clear(Color.WhiteSmoke)
                        temp2.DrawString("3", police, Brushes.Black, 0, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("2", police, Brushes.Black, 56, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("1", police, Brushes.Black, 116, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("0", police, Brushes.Black, 176, 5)
                    Case Is = 240
                        temp2.Clear(Color.WhiteSmoke)
                        temp2.DrawString("4", police, Brushes.Black, 0, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("3", police, Brushes.Black, 56, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("2", police, Brushes.Black, 116, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("1", police, Brushes.Black, 176, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("0", police, Brushes.Black, 236, 5)
                    Case Is = 300
                        temp2.Clear(Color.WhiteSmoke)
                        temp2.DrawString("5", police, Brushes.Black, 0, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("4", police, Brushes.Black, 56, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("3", police, Brushes.Black, 116, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("2", police, Brushes.Black, 176, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("1", police, Brushes.Black, 236, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("0", police, Brushes.Black, 296, 5)
                    Case Is = 360
                        temp2.Clear(Color.WhiteSmoke)
                        temp2.DrawString("6", police, Brushes.Black, 0, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("5", police, Brushes.Black, 56, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("4", police, Brushes.Black, 116, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("3", police, Brushes.Black, 176, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("2", police, Brushes.Black, 236, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("1", police, Brushes.Black, 296, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("0", police, Brushes.Black, 356, 5)
                    Case Is = 420
                        temp2.Clear(Color.WhiteSmoke)
                        temp2.DrawString("7", police, Brushes.Black, 0, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("6", police, Brushes.Black, 56, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("5", police, Brushes.Black, 116, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("4", police, Brushes.Black, 176, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("3", police, Brushes.Black, 236, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("2", police, Brushes.Black, 296, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("1", police, Brushes.Black, 356, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("0", police, Brushes.Black, 416, 5)
                    Case Is = 480
                        temp2.Clear(Color.WhiteSmoke)
                        temp2.DrawString("8", police, Brushes.Black, 0, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("7", police, Brushes.Black, 56, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("6", police, Brushes.Black, 116, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("5", police, Brushes.Black, 176, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("4", police, Brushes.Black, 236, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("3", police, Brushes.Black, 296, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("2", police, Brushes.Black, 356, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("1", police, Brushes.Black, 416, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("0", police, Brushes.Black, 476, 5)
                    Case Is = 539
                        temp2.Clear(Color.WhiteSmoke)
                        temp2.DrawString("9", police, Brushes.Black, 0, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("8", police, Brushes.Black, 56, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("7", police, Brushes.Black, 116, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("6", police, Brushes.Black, 176, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("5", police, Brushes.Black, 236, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("4", police, Brushes.Black, 296, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("3", police, Brushes.Black, 356, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("2", police, Brushes.Black, 416, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("1", police, Brushes.Black, 476, 5)
                        temp2.DrawString("0", police, Brushes.Black, 536, 5)
                End Select
 
            End If
        Next
 
        'enregistrement des images
        Graphtemp.Image = Imagetemp     'courbe température
        PictureBox1.Image = Imagetemp1
 
    End Sub
 
    Private Sub Button2_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button2.Click
        Label6.Visible = True
        Label7.Visible = True
        Label8.Visible = True
        Label9.Visible = True
        Label10.Visible = True
        Label11.Visible = True
        Label12.Visible = True
        If echel = False Then
            Timergraphe.Enabled = True
            seuilT = Str(result(2)) - valeuraxe
            seuilT = 200 + seuilT * 8 / k
            echel = True
        Else
            Timergraphe.Enabled = False
            echel = False
        End If
    End Sub
 
 
 
    Private Sub Graphtemp_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Graphtemp.Click
        Dim xr As Integer
        Dim yr As Integer
        Dim cel As String
 
        xr = MousePosition.X - 12
        yr = MousePosition.Y - 292
        ' MsgBox(xr & " / " & yr)
 
        cel = valeuraxe - ((yr - 221) / 8) * k
        If echel1 = False Then
            Label9.Text = xr
            Label8.Text = FormatNumber(Convert.ToDecimal(cel), 1)
            echel1 = True
        Else
            Label11.Text = xr
            Label10.Text = FormatNumber(Convert.ToDecimal(cel), 1)
            Label12.Text = "variation de " & FormatNumber(CDbl(Label10.Text) - CDbl(Label8.Text), 1) & " en " & CDbl(Label11.Text) - CDbl(Label9.Text) & " secondes"
            echel1 = False
        End If
 
    End Sub
 
    Private Sub Graphtemp_MouseMove(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.Windows.Forms.MouseEventArgs) Handles Graphtemp.MouseMove
        Dim xr As Integer
        Dim yr As Integer
        Dim cel As String
 
        xr = MousePosition.X - 12
        yr = MousePosition.Y - 292
 
        ' MsgBox(xr & " / " & yr)
        cel = valeuraxe - ((yr - 221) / 8) * k
        If echel1 = False Then
            Label9.Text = xr
            Label8.Text = FormatNumber(Convert.ToDecimal(cel), 1)
        Else
            Label11.Text = xr
            Label10.Text = FormatNumber(Convert.ToDecimal(cel), 1)
        End If
 
    End Sub
 
    Private Sub ComboBox1_SelectedIndexChanged(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles ComboBox1.SelectedIndexChanged
 
    End Sub
 
    Private Sub ComboBox1_TextChanged(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles ComboBox1.TextChanged
        valeuraxe = ComboBox1.Text
    End Sub
 
    Private Sub Button3_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button3.Click
        If k = 1 Then
            k = 0.5
            Button3.Text = "Revenir"
        Else
            k = 1
            Button3.Text = "ZOOM x 2"
        End If
    End Sub
End Class

Ce code permet aussi la gestion des echelles

Citation:

(Pour info je recevais mes donnée via le reseau.)

Salut, merci bien de ton partage. Je vais essayer ton code pour me familier un peu comment ça marche.

Tu as dit que tes données sont venues du réseau, la période pour avoir une donnée est combien ? Mes données viennent du bus CAN. On peut avoir une donnée tous les 100ms. Le graph va s'adapter automatiquement ?

Merci encore pour ton temps :ccool:

ZedGraph

Salut,

Je travail aussi sur ce thème et j'ai besoin de votre aide, pouvez vous me dire ou donner la base du code. J'en ai besoins pour mon projet svp.

Cordialement

Salut,
Le code que j'ai posté plus haut, n'est pas une classe graphique. Le but est de dessiner sur une picturebox, donc les echelles sont à calculer manuelement.Je m'explique si votre picturebox fait 500 de large par 400 de haut et que vous recevez des données ttes les 100ms, votre axe x fera 5 secondes (500*100) de plus pour l'echelle y le raisonnement est le meme. Le tableau

Code:

Private tabtemp(540) As Point

est à adapter a votre nombre de points.
Dans le code la picturebox fait 600 de large et le tableau 540 car il y a 60 pixels qui servent pour ecrire la legende. Donc on en deduit que 540 pixels, avec 1 points par secondes donne 9 minutes de tracages.