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\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
\ProvidesClass{maclasse}[2018/09/19 Classe personnelle, V1.0]
% classe de base
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% extensions
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% QUESTIONS
% *** Compteur des questions et des Corrigés **
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% *** Questions ***
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% *** Corrigés ***
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% Variables associées aux solutions
\Newassociation{corr}{Correction}{corrige}
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\setboolean{withsol}{true}
\renewcommand{\solutionstyle}[1]{#1}
% commandes personnelles
\newcommand{\dixp}[2]{#1 allez 10^{#2}}
\newcommand{\noyau}[3]{\prescript{#2}{#3}{\mathrm{#1}}}
\newcommand{\exemple}[1]{$\blacktriangleright\blacktriangleright\blacktriangleright$\textbf{#1} - }
% Définition
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titleboxcolor = black]{theo}{Définition}{}
\newboxedtheorem[boxcolor=red, background=white, titlebackground=lightgray!20,
titleboxcolor = red]{obj}{Objectifs}{}
\newboxedtheorem[boxcolor=black, background=white, titlebackground=lightgray!20,
titleboxcolor = black]{exo}{Application directe}{}
%%%%%%%% PACKAGE EXERCISE
\renewcommand{\ExerciseHeader}{
\psframebox[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=lightgray,linecolor=lightgray]{\textbf{\large\ExerciseName \;n°\ExerciseHeaderNB\;-\;\ExerciseHeaderTitle
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\large Réponses aux questions - \ExerciseName\ \ExerciseHeaderNB}}\medskip}}
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%%%% MARGE
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}\item }{\end{list}}
%GBF
\def\chiffre{\pspolygon[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=red](0,0)(0.1,0.1)(0.5,0.1)(0.6,0)(0.5,-0.1)(0.1,-0.1)}
\def\GBF{\begin{pspicture}(0,-1.5)(15,8.5)
\pspolygon[doubleline=true,linearc=0.2,fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=lightgray](0,0)(15,0)(15,7)(0,7)%contour GBF
\rput(0.5,0.5){\pspolygon(0,0)(3.5,0)(3.5,3)(0,3)\rput(1.75,1.4){\pscircle[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=lightgray]{0.9cm}
\multido{\i=-30+27,\n=2.0+-0.2}{10}{\psline(0.9;\i)(1.05;\i)\uput[\i](1;\i){\n}}
\pscircle[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=lightgray]{0.7cm}\pscircle[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=black]{0.55cm}
\pscircle[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=lightgray]{0.5cm}\psline(0,0)(-0.5,0)}}%variation frÈquence
\def\chiffre{\pspolygon[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=red](0,0)(0.1,0.1)(0.5,0.1)(0.6,0)(0.5,-0.1)(0.1,-0.1)}
\rput(0.5,4){\pspolygon(0,0)(7,0)(7,2.5)(0,2.5)}\rput(6.9,4.8){\Huge{\textcolor{red}{Hz}}}
\rput(1.6,4.6){\rotatebox{90}{\chiffre}}\rput(1,4.6){\chiffre}\rput(1,5.2){\chiffre}
\rput(1,5.2){\rotatebox{90}{\chiffre}}\rput(1,5.8){\chiffre}
\rput(2.6,4.6){\rotatebox{90}{\chiffre}}\rput(2,4.6){\chiffre}\rput(2.6,5.2){\rotatebox{90}{\chiffre}}
\rput(2,4.6){\rotatebox{90}{\chiffre}}\rput(2,5.8){\chiffre}\rput(2,5.2){\rotatebox{90}{\chiffre}}
\rput(3.6,4.6){\rotatebox{90}{\chiffre}}\rput(3,4.6){\chiffre}\rput(3.6,5.2){\rotatebox{90}{\chiffre}}
\rput(3,4.6){\rotatebox{90}{\chiffre}}\rput(3,5.8){\chiffre}\rput(3,5.2){\rotatebox{90}{\chiffre}}
\rput(4.8,4.6){\rotatebox{90}{\chiffre}}\rput(4.2,4.6){\chiffre}\rput(4.8,5.2){\rotatebox{90}{\chiffre}}\rput(4.2,5.2){\chiffre}
\rput(4.2,4.6){\rotatebox{90}{\chiffre}}\rput(4.2,5.8){\chiffre}\rput(4.2,5.2){\rotatebox{90}{\chiffre}}
\rput(5.8,4.6){\rotatebox{90}{\chiffre}}\rput(5.2,4.6){\chiffre}\rput(5.8,5.2){\rotatebox{90}{\chiffre}}
\rput(5.2,5.2){\chiffre}\rput(5.2,5.8){\chiffre}\rput(5.2,5.2){\rotatebox{90}{\chiffre}}
\rput(3.8,4.5){\pspolygon[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=red](0,0)(0.2,0)(0.2,0.2)(0,0.2)}%affichage
\rput(9.3,4){\pspolygon(0,0)(3,0)(3,2.5)(0,2.5)}
\rput(9.8,5.5){\pscircle[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=black]{0.2cm}}\rput(10.8,5.5){\pscircle{0.2cm}}\rput(11.8,5.5){\pscircle{0.2cm}}
\rput(10.5,4.2){\pspolygon[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=black](0,0)(0.6,0)(0.6,0.6)(0,0.6)}
\rput(10.4,4.1){\pspolygon(0,0)(0.8,0)(0.8,0.8)(0,0.8)}
\rput(9.8,5.9){\Large{$\sim$}}\rput(10.4,5.9){\psline(0,0)(0.2,0.3)(0.4,0)(0.6,0.3)(0.8,0)}
\rput(11.5,5.9){\psline(0,0)(0,0.3)(0.3,0.3)(0.3,0)(0.6,0)(0.6,0.3)}%selecteur forme signal
\rput(13.5,5.3){\pscircle[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=lightgray]{0.8cm}
\pscircle[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=lightgray]{0.6cm}\pscircle[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=black]{0.45cm}
\pscircle[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=lightgray]{0.4cm}\psline(0,0)(0.4,0)}%amplitude
\rput(5,0.7){\pscircle{0.2cm}}\rput(4.7,1.2){\pspolygon[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=black](0,0)(0.6,0)(0.6,0.6)(0,0.6)}
\rput(4.6,1.1){\pspolygon(0,0)(0.8,0)(0.8,0.8)(0,0.8)}
\rput(5.8,0.7){\pscircle{0.2cm}}\rput(5.5,1.2){\pspolygon[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=black](0,0)(0.6,0)(0.6,0.6)(0,0.6)}
\rput(5.4,1.1){\pspolygon(0,0)(0.8,0)(0.8,0.8)(0,0.8)}
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\rput(6.2,1.1){\pspolygon(0,0)(0.8,0)(0.8,0.8)(0,0.8)}
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\rput(7,1.1){\pspolygon(0,0)(0.8,0)(0.8,0.8)(0,0.8)}
\rput(8.2,0.7){\pscircle{0.2cm}}\rput(7.9,1.2){\pspolygon[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=black](0,0)(0.6,0)(0.6,0.6)(0,0.6)}
\rput(7.8,1.1){\pspolygon(0,0)(0.8,0)(0.8,0.8)(0,0.8)}
\rput(4.6,2){\psline(0,0)(0,0.8)}\rput(4.6,2.8){\psline(0,0)(4,0)}\rput(8.6,2.8){\psline(0,0)(0,-0.8)}
\rput(7,2.8){\psline(0,0)(0,-0.8)}
\rput(5,2.2){1}\rput(5.8,2.2){10}\rput(6.6,2.2){100}
\rput(7.4,2.2){1}\rput(8.2,2.2){10}\rput(5.8,3.1){Hz}\rput(7.8,3.1){kHz}%sÈlecteur frÈquences
\rput(9.3,1){\pspolygon(0,0)(3,0)(3,2)(0,2)}\rput(12.5,1){\pspolygon(0,0)(2,0)(2,2)(0,2)}
\rput(10.1,2){\pscircle[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=red]{0.6cm}\pscircle[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=black]{0.4cm}
\pscircle[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=red]{0.3cm}\pscircle[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=black]{0.2cm}}
\rput(11.5,2){\pscircle[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=gray]{0.6cm}\pscircle[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=black]{0.4cm}
\pscircle[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=gray]{0.3cm}\pscircle[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=black]{0.2cm}}
\rput(13.5,2){\pscircle[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=lightgray]{0.6cm}\pscircle[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=black]{0.4cm}
\pscircle[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=lightgray]{0.3cm}\pscircle[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=black]{0.2cm}}%sorties
\rput(6.8,-0.5){Choix de la gamme}\rput(6.8,-1){de frÈquences}
\rput(2.25,-0.5){Choix de la frÈquence}\rput(11.9,-0.5){Sorties du signal}
\rput(13.5,7.5){du signal}\rput(13.5,8){Amplitude}
\rput(10.8,8){Formes}\rput(10.8,7.5){du signal}
\rput(4,8){Valeur de la frÈquence}\rput(4,7.5){du signal de sortie}%legendes
\end{pspicture}
}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%ANIONS
\newcommand{\chlorure}{{\mathrm{Cl}}^{-}}
\newcommand{\bromure}{{\mathrm{Br}}^{-}}
\newcommand{\iodure}{{\mathrm{I}}^{-}}
\newcommand{\fluorure}{{\mathrm{F}}^{-}}
\newcommand{\acetate}{{\mathrm{CH}}_{3}{\mathrm{COO}}^{-}}
\newcommand{\carbonate}{{\mathrm{CO}}_{3}^{2-}}
\newcommand{\hydrogenocarbonate}{{\mathrm{CO}}_{3}^{2-}}
\newcommand{\chlorate}{{\mathrm{ClO}}_{3}^{-}}
\newcommand{\perchlorate}{{\mathrm{ClO}}_{4}^{-}}
\newcommand{\chlorite}{{\mathrm{ClO}}_{3}^{-}}
\newcommand{\hypochlorite}{{\mathrm{ClO}}^{-}}
\newcommand{\nitrite}{{\mathrm{NO}}_{2}^{-}}
\newcommand{\oxalate}{\mathrm{{C}}_{2}^{}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}^{2-}}
\newcommand{\hydroxyde}{{\mathrm{HO}}^{-}}
\newcommand{\permanganate}{{\mathrm{MnO}}_{4}^{-}}
\newcommand{\phosphate}{{\mathrm{PO}}_{4}^{3-}}
\newcommand{\hydrogenophosphate}{{\mathrm{HPO}}_{4}^{2-}}
\newcommand{\dihydrogenophosphate}{{\mathrm{{H}_{2}^{}PO}}_{4}^{2-}}
\newcommand{\hydrogenosulfate}{{\mathrm{HSO}}_{4}^{-}}
\newcommand{\hydrogenosulfite}{{\mathrm{HSO}}_{3}^{-}}
\newcommand{\sulfite}{{\mathrm{SO}}_{3}^{2-}}
\newcommand{\peroxodisulfate}{{\mathrm{S_{2}^{}O}}_{8}^{2-}}
\newcommand{\thiosulfate}{{\mathrm{S_{2}^{}O}}_{3}^{2-}}
\newcommand{\tetrathionate}{{\mathrm{S_{4}^{}O}}_{6}^{2-}}
\newcommand{\sulfate}{{\mathrm{SO}}_{4}^{2-}}
\newcommand{\tchromate}{{\mathrm{CrO}}_{4}^{-}}
\newcommand{\dichromate}{{\mathrm{Cr_{2}^{}O}}_{7}^{2-}}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%CATIONS
\newcommand{\oxonium}{{\mathrm{H}_{3}\mathrm{O}}^{+}}
\newcommand{\plomb}{{\mathrm{Pb}}^{2+}}
\newcommand{\potassium}{{\mathrm{K}}^{+}}
\newcommand{\baryum}{{\mathrm{Ba}}^{2+}}
\newcommand{\nickel}{{\mathrm{Ni}}^{2+}}
\newcommand{\mercureII}{{\mathrm{Hg}}^{2+}}
\newcommand{\manganese}{{\mathrm{Mn}}^{2+}}
\newcommand{\hydrogene}{{\mathrm{H}}^{+}}
\newcommand{\ferII}{{\mathrm{Fe}}^{2+}}
\newcommand{\ferIII}{{\mathrm{Fe}}^{3+}}
\newcommand{\etainIV}{{\mathrm{Sn}}^{4+}}
\newcommand{\etainII}{{\mathrm{Sn}}^{2+}}
\newcommand{\zinc}{{\mathrm{Zn}}^{2+}}
\newcommand{\cuivreII}{{\mathrm{Cu}}^{2+}}
\newcommand{\cuivreI}{{\mathrm{Cu}}^{+}}
\newcommand{\cobalt}{{\mathrm{Co}}^{2+}}
\newcommand{\chromeIII}{{\mathrm{Cr}}^{3+}}
\newcommand{\chromeII}{{\mathrm{Cr}}^{2+}}
\newcommand{\argent}{{\mathrm{Ag}}^{+}}
\newcommand{\ammonium}{{\mathrm{NH}}_{4}^{+}}
\newcommand{\aluminium}{{\mathrm{Al}}^{3+}}
\newcommand{\nitrate}{{\mathrm{NO}}_{3}^{-}}
\newcommand{\nitrure}{{\mathrm{N}}^{3-}}
\newcommand{\sulfure}{{\mathrm{S}}^{2-}}
\newcommand{\oxyde}{{\mathrm{O}}^{2-}}
\newcommand{\lithium}{{\mathrm{Li}}^{+}}
\newcommand{\magnesium}{{\mathrm{Mg}}^{2+}}
\newcommand{\sodium}{{\mathrm{Na}}^{+}}
\newcommand{\calcium}{{\mathrm{Ca}}^{2+}}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\newcommand{\siU} {\;\mathrm{SI}}
% ---- unitÈs mÈcaniques
\newcommand{\kg}{{\;\mathrm{kg}}}
\newcommand{\kgparm} {\;\mathrm{kg}.\mathrm{m}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\kgparmc} {\;\mathrm{kg}.\mathrm{m}^{-2}}
\newcommand{\kgparmcc} {\;\mathrm{kg}.\mathrm{m}^{-3}}
\newcommand{\gparcmcc} {\;\mathrm{g}.\mathrm{cm}^{-3}}
\newcommand{\gramme} {\;\mathrm{g}}
\newcommand{\mg} {\;\mathrm{mg}}
\newcommand{\micg} {\;\upmu\mathrm{g}}
\newcommand{\kgpars} {\;\mathrm{kg}.\mathrm{s}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\gpars} {\;\mathrm{g}.\mathrm{s}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\kgparsparm} {\;\mathrm{kg}.\mathrm{s}^{-1}.\mathrm{m}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\kgparsparmc} {\;\mathrm{kg}.\mathrm{s}^{-1}.\mathrm{m}^{-2}}
\newcommand{\gparmol} {\;\mathrm{g}.\mathrm{mol}_{}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\kgparmol} {\;\mathrm{kg}.\mathrm{mol}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\mccparmol} {\;\mathrm{m}^{3}.\mathrm{mol}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\Lparmol} {\;\mathrm{L}.\mathrm{mol}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\Newton} {\;\mathrm{N}}
\newcommand{\Nm} {\;\mathrm{N}.\mathrm{m}}
\newcommand{\Nparm} {\;\mathrm{N}.\mathrm{m}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\Nmmc} {\;\mathrm{N}.\mathrm{mm}^2}
\newcommand{\Pa} {\;\mathrm{Pa}}
\newcommand{\Pas} {\;\mathrm{Pa}.\mathrm{s}}
\newcommand{\parPa} {\;\mathrm{Pa}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\mbar} {\;\mathrm{mbar}}
\newcommand{\barpression} {\;\mathrm{bar}}
\newcommand{\kgmc} {\;\mathrm{kg}.\mathrm{m}^2}
\newcommand{\mcpars} {\;\mathrm{m}^2.\mathrm{s}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\G} {\;\mathrm{m}^3.\mathrm{kg}^{-1}.\mathrm{s}^{-2}}
% ---- unitÈs de durÈe
\newcommand{\seconde} {\;\mathrm{s}}
\newcommand{\minute} {\;\mathrm{mn}}
\newcommand{\heure} {\;\mathrm{h}}
\newcommand{\jour} {\;\mathrm{j}}
\newcommand{\an} {\;\mathrm{an}}
\newcommand{\pars} {\;\mathrm{s}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\Hz} {\;\mathrm{Hz}}
\newcommand{\kHz} {\;\mathrm{kHz}}
\newcommand{\MHz} {\;\mathrm{MHz}}
\newcommand{\GHz} {\;\mathrm{GHz}}
\newcommand{\radpars} {\;\mathrm{rad}.\mathrm{s}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\ms} {\;\mathrm{ms}}
\newcommand{\mics} {\;\upmu\mathrm{s}}
\newcommand{\ns} {\;\mathrm{ns}}
\newcommand{\picos} {\;\mathrm{ps}}
\newcommand{\fs} {\;\mathrm{fs}}
% ---- unitÈs d'angle
\newcommand{\rad} {\;\mathrm{rad}}
\newcommand{\mrad} {\;\mathrm{mrad}}
\newcommand{\∞} {\;\degres}
% ---- unitÈs de longueur
\newcommand{\metre} {\;\mathrm{m}}
\newcommand{\km} {\;\mathrm{km}}
\newcommand{\cm} {\;\mathrm{cm}}
\newcommand{\mm} {\;\mathrm{mm}}
\newcommand{\micm} {\;\upmu\mathrm{m}}
\newcommand{\nm} {\;\mathrm{nm}}
\newcommand{\picom} {\;\mathrm{pm}}
\newcommand{\parm} {\;\mathrm{m}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\mc} {\;\mathrm{m}^2}
\newcommand{\cmc} {\;\mathrm{cm}^2}
\newcommand{\mmc} {\;\mathrm{mm}^2}
\newcommand{\mcc} {\;\mathrm{m}^3}
\newcommand{\cmcc} {\;\mathrm{cm}^3}
\newcommand{\parmm} {\;\mathrm{mm}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\parcm} {\;\mathrm{cm}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\parmcc} {\;\mathrm{m}^{-3}}
\newcommand{\litre} {\;\mathrm{L}}
\newcommand{\mL} {\;\mathrm{mL}}
% ---- unitÈs de vitesse et d'accÈlÈration
\newcommand{\mpars} {\;\mathrm{m}.\mathrm{s}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\kmpars} {\;\mathrm{km}.\mathrm{s}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\kmparh} {\;\mathrm{km}.\mathrm{h}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\cmpars} {\;\mathrm{cm}.\mathrm{s}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\mparsc} {\;\mathrm{m}.\mathrm{s}^{-2}}
% ---- unitÈs ÈlectromagnÈtiques
\newcommand{\T} {\;\mathrm{T}}
\newcommand{\Wb} {\;\mathrm{Wb}}
\newcommand{\Debye} {\;\mathrm{D}}
\newcommand{\Cm} {\;\mathrm{C}.\mathrm{m}}
\newcommand{\Henry} {\;\mathrm{H}}
\newcommand{\Hparm} {\;\mathrm{H}.\mathrm{m}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\mH} {\;\mathrm{mH}}
\newcommand{\F} {\;\mathrm{F}}
\newcommand{\Fparm} {\;\mathrm{F}.\mathrm{m}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\Epsilon} {\;\mathrm{kg}^{-1}.\mathrm{m}^{-3}.\mathrm{s}^{4}.\mathrm{A}^{2}}
\newcommand{\mF} {\;\mathrm{mF}}
\newcommand{\micF} {\;\mathrm{\mu}\mathrm{F}}
\newcommand{\nF} {\;\mathrm{nF}}
\newcommand{\pF} {\;\mathrm{pF}}
\newcommand{\ohm} {\;\Omega}
\newcommand{\kohm} {\;\mathrm{k}\Omega}
\newcommand{\Mohm} {\;\mathrm{M}\Omega}
\newcommand{\ohmm} {\;\Omega.\textrm{m}}
\newcommand{\ohmparm} {\;\Omega.\textrm{m}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\Siemens} {\;\mathrm{S}}
\newcommand{\Sparm} {\;\mathrm{S}.\textrm{m}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\C} {\;\mathrm{C}}
\newcommand{\Cparm} {\;\mathrm{C}.\textrm{m}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\Cparmc} {\;\mathrm{C}.\textrm{m}^{-2}}
\newcommand{\Cparmcc} {\;\mathrm{C}.\textrm{m}^{-3}}
\newcommand{\A} {\;\mathrm{A}}
\newcommand{\Aparm} {\;\mathrm{A}.\textrm{m}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\Am} {\;\mathrm{A}.\textrm{m}}
\newcommand{\Amc} {\;\mathrm{A}.\textrm{m}^2}
\newcommand{\Aparmc} {\;\mathrm{A}.\textrm{m}^{-2}}
\newcommand{\AparmcparK} {\;\mathrm{A}.\textrm{m}^{-2}.\textrm{K}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\mA} {\;\mathrm{mA}}
\newcommand{\micA} {\;\upmu\mathrm{A}}
\newcommand{\nA} {\;\mathrm{nA}}
\newcommand{\kA} {\;\mathrm{kA}}
\newcommand{\Volt} {\;\mathrm{V}}
\newcommand{\Vparm} {\;\mathrm{V}.\textrm{m}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\mVparm} {\;\mathrm{mV}.\textrm{m}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\mVparcm} {\;\mathrm{mV}.\textrm{cm}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\micVparm} {\;\upmu\mathrm{V}.\textrm{m}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\Vpars} {\;\mathrm{V}.\textrm{s}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\AparW} {\;\mathrm{A}.\textrm{W}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\mV} {\;\mathrm{mV}}
\newcommand{\micV} {\;\upmu\mathrm{V}}
\newcommand{\kV} {\;\mathrm{kV}}
\newcommand{\radparmparT} {\;\mathrm{rad}.\mathrm{m}^{-1}\cdot\mathrm{T}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\radparsparT} {\;\mathrm{rad}.\mathrm{s}^{-1}\cdot\mathrm{T}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\radparA} {\;\mathrm{rad}.\mathrm{A}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\CparVparmc} {\;\mathrm{C}.\mathrm{V}^{-1}\cdot\mathrm{V}^{-2}}
\newcommand{\dB} {\;\mathrm{dB}}
\newcommand{\eV} {\;\mathrm{eV}}
\newcommand{\keV} {\;\mathrm{keV}}
\newcommand{\MeV} {\;\mathrm{MeV}}
\newcommand{\GeV} {\;\mathrm{GeV}}
\newcommand{\Tparm} {\;\mathrm{T}.\mathrm{m}^{-1}}
% ---- unitÈs thermiques
\newcommand{\Joule} {\;\mathrm{J}}
\newcommand{\Js} {\;\mathrm{J}.\mathrm{s}}
\newcommand{\kJ} {\;\mathrm{kJ}}
\newcommand{\MJ} {\;\mathrm{MJ}}
\newcommand{\JparK} {\;\mathrm{J}.\mathrm{K}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\Jparkg} {\;\mathrm{J}.\mathrm{kg}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\kJparkg} {\;\mathrm{kJ}.\mathrm{kg}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\JparKparmol} {\;\mathrm{J}.\mathrm{K}^{-1}\cdot\mathrm{mol}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\JparKparmcc} {\;\mathrm{J}.\mathrm{K}^{-1}\cdot\mathrm{m}^{-3}}
\newcommand{\JparkgparK} {\;\mathrm{J}.\mathrm{kg}^{-1}\cdot\mathrm{K}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\kJparkgparK} {\;\mathrm{kJ}.\mathrm{kg}^{-1}\cdot\mathrm{K}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\JpargparK} {\;\mathrm{J}.\mathrm{g}^{-1}\cdot\mathrm{K}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\kJparmccparK} {\;\mathrm{kJ}.\mathrm{m}^{-3}\cdot\mathrm{K}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\Jparmol} {\;\mathrm{J}.\mathrm{mol}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\kJparmol} {\;\mathrm{kJ}.\mathrm{mol}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\Jparmcc} {\;\mathrm{J}.\mathrm{m}^{-3}}
\newcommand{\K} {\;\mathrm{K}}
\newcommand{\parK} {\;\mathrm{K}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\degC} {\;\mathrm{∞C}}
\newcommand{\mW} {\;\mathrm{mW}}
\newcommand{\micW} {\;\upmu\mathrm{W}}
\newcommand{\W} {\;\mathrm{W}}
\newcommand{\kW} {\;\mathrm{kW}}
\newcommand{\MW} {\;\mathrm{MW}}
\newcommand{\GW} {\;\mathrm{GW}}
\newcommand{\kWh} {\;\mathrm{kW}.\mathrm{h}}
\newcommand{\WparK} {\;\mathrm{W}.\mathrm{K}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\WparmparK} {\;\mathrm{W}.\mathrm{m}^{-1}.\mathrm{K}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\WparcmparK} {\;\mathrm{W}.\mathrm{cm}^{-1}.\mathrm{K}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\Wparmc} {\;\mathrm{W}.\mathrm{m}^{-2}}
\newcommand{\Wparmcc} {\;\mathrm{W}.\mathrm{m}^{-3}}
\newcommand{\kWparmc} {\;\mathrm{kW}.\mathrm{m}^{-2}}
\newcommand{\Wparmmc} {\;\mathrm{W}.\mathrm{mm}^{-2}}
\newcommand{\WparmcparK} {\;\mathrm{W}.\mathrm{m}^{-2}.\mathrm{K}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\Stefan} {\;\mathrm{W}.\mathrm{m}^{-2}.\mathrm{K}^{-4}}
\newcommand{\micmK} {\;\upmu\mathrm{m}.\mathrm{K}}
\newcommand{\mK} {\;\mathrm{m}.\mathrm{K}}
% ---- unitÈs chimiques
\newcommand{\mol} {\;\mathrm{mol}}
\newcommand{\parmol} {\;\mathrm{mol}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\molparL} {\;\mathrm{mol}.\mathrm{L}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\mmolparL} {\;\mathrm{mmol}.\mathrm{L}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\molpars} {\;\mathrm{mol}.\mathrm{s}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\molparsparmc} {\;\mathrm{mol}.\mathrm{s}^{-1}\cdot\mathrm{m}^{-2}}
\newcommand{\aVDW} {\;\mathrm{Pa}.\mathrm{m}^6\cdot\mathrm{mol}^{-2}}
\newcommand{\bVDW} {\;\mathrm{m}^3.\mathrm{mol}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\Lparmolpars} {\;\mathrm{mol}^{-1}.\textrm{L}\cdot\textrm{s}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\Lparmolparmin} {\;\mathrm{mol}^{-1}.\textrm{L}\cdot\textrm{mn}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\molparLpars} {\;\mathrm{mol}.\textrm{L}^{-1}\cdot\textrm{s}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\molparLparmin} {\;\mathrm{mol}.\textrm{L}^{-1}\cdot\textrm{mn}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\molparLparj} {\;\mathrm{mol}.\textrm{L}^{-1}\cdot\textrm{j}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\Cparmol} {\;\mathrm{C}.\mathrm{mol}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\gparL} {\;\mathrm{g}.\mathrm{L}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\mgparL} {\;\mathrm{mg}.\mathrm{L}^{-1}}
\newcommand{\gparcmcube} {\;\mathrm{g}.\mathrm{cm}^{-3}}
\newcommand{\kgparmcube} {\;\mathrm{kg}.\mathrm{m}^{-3}}
\newcommand{\cmcube} {\;\mathrm{cm}^{3}}
\newcommand{\ppm} {\;\mathrm{ppm}}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% AMPOULE %%%%%%%%%%
\newcommand{\ampouleADecanter}[4]{%
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.2]
% colorier la zone inférieure
\filldraw[draw=black,thick,fill=gray!20] (1,20)--(1,10) ..controls +(0,-1) and +(0,1).. (0,6) -- (0,2) -- (-1,2) -- (-1,6) ..controls +(0,1) and +(0,-1).. (-2,10) --(-2,20) --cycle;
% colorier la zone supérieure
\filldraw[draw=black,thick,fill=gray!60] (1,20) ..controls +(0,2) and +(0,-3).. (6,27) -- (-7,27) ..controls +(0,-3) and +(0,2).. (-2,20); --cycle;
%ampoule
\draw[ultra thick](1,10) ..controls +(0,-1) and +(0,1).. (0,6);
\draw[ultra thick](6,27) ..controls +(0,-3) and +(0,2).. (1,20);
\draw[ultra thick](6,27) ..controls +(0,5) and +(0,-1).. (1,32);
\draw[ultra thick](1,32)--(1.1,34);
\draw[ultra thick](1,10)--(1,20);
\draw[ultra thick](0,6)--(0,2); \draw[ultra thick](0,1)--(0,-1);% vers le robinet
\draw[ultra thick] (-2,10) ..controls +(0,-1) and +(0,1).. (-1,6);
\draw[ultra thick](-7,27) ..controls +(0,-3) and +(0,2).. (-2,20);
\draw[ultra thick](-7,27) ..controls +(0,5) and +(0,-1).. (-2,32);
\draw[ultra thick](-2,10)--(-2,20);
\draw[ultra thick](-2,32)--(-2.1,34);
\draw[ultra thick](-1,6)--(-1,2); \draw[ultra thick](-1,1)--(-1,-1);% vers le robinet
% robinet
\draw[thick,gray](-3,1) rectangle (2,2);
\draw[fill, red](1.5,1) rectangle (2,2);
\draw[fill, red](-2.5,2) -- (-2.3,4) -- (-2.2,4) -- (-2,2) ;
\draw[fill,red](-2.5,1) -- (-2.3,-1) -- (-2.2,-1) -- (-2,1) ;
%bouchon
\draw[fill, lightgray](0.95,30.9) -- (-1.95,30.9) --(-2.05,34.1) -- (1.05,34.1);
\draw[fill, lightgray](2,34.1) rectangle (-3,34.4);
% Potence
\draw[fill](-13,24) rectangle(7,23);
\draw[fill](-13,-9) rectangle(7,-10);
\draw[fill](-12,34) rectangle (-11,-10);
% Légende
\draw[<-,thick](-1,25)--(10,25) node[right]{\parbox{5cm}{#1 (d$\approx$ #2)}};
\draw[<-,thick](-1,16)--(10,16) node[right]{\parbox{5cm}{#3 (d$\approx$ #4)}};
\end{tikzpicture}%
} |
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