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procedure TForm1.AddDirectories(ParentNode: TTreeviewItem; const Path: string);
var
  SubDirs: TStringDynArray;
  SubDir: string;
  NewNode: TTreeviewItem;
  HasChildren: Boolean;
begin
  if DirectoryExists(Path) then
  begin
    NewNode:=nil;
    SubDirs := TDirectory.GetDirectories(Path, '*.*',
      TSearchOption.soTopDirectoryOnly);                // un seul répertoire à la fois
      if Sizeof(subdirs) > 0 then
    begin
      for SubDir in SubDirs do
      begin
        if not DirectoryExists(subdir) then continue;
        try
          HasChildren := Length(TDirectory.GetDirectories(SubDir)) > 0;
          NewNode := TTreeViewItem.Create(ParentNode);
          NewNode.Parent := ParentNode;
          NewNode.Text := TPath.GetFileName(SubDir); // Nom seul, sans le chemin
          NewNode.ImageIndex := 0;
          NewNode.TagString := StrNew(PChar(SubDir)); // Chemin complet stocké
          NewNode.OnClick := TreeViewItemClick;
          // Vérifie si ce sous-dossier a lui-même des enfants
          // pour afficher ou non le bouton [+]
        except
          HasChildren := False;
        end;
 
        if HasChildren then
          // Nœud fantôme : déclenche l'affichage du bouton [+]
         begin
           NoeudFantome(NewNode);
         end;
      end;
    end;
  end;
end;
 
procedure TForm1.NoeudFantome(ParentNode: TTreeViewItem);
var
  NewNode: TTreeviewItem;
begin
  NewNode := TTreeViewItem.Create(ParentNode);
  NewNode.ImageIndex := -1;
  NewNode.Parent := ParentNode;
end;
 
procedure TForm1.TreeViewItemClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
  var path := TTreeViewItem(sender).TagString;
 
  if (TTreeViewItem(sender).Count>0) AND (TTreeViewItem(sender).ItemByIndex(0).ImageIndex=-1) then
  begin
    TreeView1.BeginUpdate;
    FreeAndnil(TTreeViewItem(sender).ItemByIndex(0));
    AddDirectories(TTreeviewItem(sender), TTreeViewItem(sender).TagString);
    TTreeviewItem(Sender).Expand;
    TreeView1.EndUpdate;
  end;
 
end;

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procedure TForm1.AddDirectories(ParentNode: TTreeviewItem; const Path: string);
var
  SubDirs: TStringDynArray;
  SubDir: string;
  NewNode: TTreeviewItem;
  HasChildren: Boolean;
begin
  if DirectoryExists(Path) then
  begin
    NewNode:=nil;
    SubDirs := TDirectory.GetDirectories(Path, '*.*',
      TSearchOption.soTopDirectoryOnly);
      if Sizeof(subdirs) > 0 then
    begin
      for SubDir in SubDirs do
      begin
        if not DirectoryExists(subdir) then continue;
        try
          HasChildren := Length(TDirectory.GetDirectories(SubDir)) > 0;
          NewNode := TTreeViewItem.Create(ParentNode);
          NewNode.Parent := ParentNode;
          NewNode.Text := TPath.GetFileName(SubDir); // Nom seul, sans le chemin
          NewNode.ImageIndex := 0;
          NewNode.TagString := StrNew(PChar(SubDir)); // Chemin complet stocké
          NewNode.OnClick := TreeViewItemClick;
          // Vérifie si ce sous-dossier a lui-même des enfants
          // pour afficher ou non le bouton [+]
        except
          HasChildren := False;
        end;

        if HasChildren then
          // Nœud fantôme : déclenche l'affichage du bouton [+]
         begin
          newNode.StyleLookup:='treeviewitemghosted';
          NoeudFantome(NewNode);
         end;
      end;
    end;
  end;
end;
end;

procedure TForm1.TreeViewItemClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
  var path := TTreeViewItem(sender).TagString;
  if TTreeViewItem(sender).StyleLookup.EndsWith('ghosted') then
  begin
    TreeView1.BeginUpdate;
    TTreeViewItem(sender).StyleLookup:=''; // style en cours
    TTreeViewItem(sender).NeedStyleLookup; // ne pas oublier
    FreeAndnil(TTreeViewItem(sender).ItemByIndex(0));
    AddDirectories(TTreeviewItem(sender), TTreeViewItem(sender).TagString);
    TTreeviewItem(Sender).Expand;
    TreeView1.EndUpdate;
  end;
  
end;
end;

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    M01_CreationTable "Item 1", 1
    M01_CreationTable "Item 2", 2
    M01_CreationTable "Item 3", 3
    M01_CreationTable "Item 4", 4
    M01_CreationTable "Item 5", 5